A high-voltage CMOS VLSI programmable fluidic processor chip

Current, K.W.; Yuk, Kelvin; McConaghy, C.; Gascoyne, Peter R. C.; Schwartz, Jon A.; Vykoukal, Jody; Andrews, Craig

doi:10.1109/vlsic.2005.1469337

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…5, [7] consisting of two D latches (DL) in master-slave flip-flop operation that store the phase data, addressing logic controlled by a row (ROW) line and a column (COL) line, and a HV electrode driver. The HV electrode driver consists of a 2:1 mux controlled by the flip-flop outputs C and CB, a HV nMOS transistor connected to the HV supply VHH through a 5-M load resistor and a M3 electrode connected to VOUT.…”

Section: A High-voltage Electrode Digital Driver Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The injection driver circuitry is shown connected to its corresponding COL31 electrode in Fig. 6 [7] and is composed of a HV nMOS transistor, a flip-flop and addressing logic. Each injection driver shares the address of its adjacent driver cell but receives data from the INJ input.…”

Section: B Dep-assisted Droplet Injection Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8, [7] with the major regions identified. A The communications and array circuitry of the prototype PFP electrode exciter chip are tested for functionality by observing the outputs at specific array locations during phase programming.…”

Section: Experimental Performance Of the Electrode Exciter Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shown in Fig. 13 [7] are selected frames from a video recording a 180-nL 700-m diameter droplet of saline moving across the exciter chip's coated top surface. The chip's array of electrodes and electronic cells are seen in the photos.…”

Section: Experimental Performance Of the Electrode Exciter Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also discuss a prototype programmable fluidic processor (PFP) system that utilizes this electrode exciter chip and its constituent parts. The PFP electrode exciter chip has been demonstrated manipulating droplets of nanoliter volumes across its surface in a preciselycontrolled manner [7], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A High-Voltage SOI CMOS Exciter Chip for a Programmable Fluidic Processor System

Current

Yuk

McConaghy

et al. 2007

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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A high-voltage (HV) integrated circuit has been demonstrated to transport fluidic droplet samples on programmable paths across the array of driving electrodes on its hydrophobically coated surface. This exciter chip is the engine for dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based micro-fluidic lab-on-a-chip systems, creating field excitations that inject and move fluidic droplets onto and about the manipulation surface. The architecture of this chip is expandable to arrays of N X N identical HV electrode driver circuits and electrodes. The exciter chip is programmable in several senses. The routes of multiple droplets may be set arbitrarily within the bounds of the electrode array. The electrode excitation waveform voltage amplitude, phase, and frequency may be adjusted based on the system configuration and the signal required to manipulate a particular fluid droplet composition. The voltage amplitude of the electrode excitation waveform can be set from the minimum logic level up to the maximum limit of the breakdown voltage of the fabrication technology. The frequency of the electrode excitation waveform can also be set independently of its voltage, up to a maximum depending upon the type of droplets that must be driven. The exciter chip can be coated and its oxide surface used as the droplet manipulation surface or it can be used with a top-mounted, enclosed fluidic chamber consisting of a variety of materials. The HV capability of the exciter chip allows the generated DEP forces to penetrate into the enclosed chamber region and an adjustable voltage amplitude can accommodate a variety of chamber floor thicknesses. This demonstration exciter chip has a 32 x 32 array of nominally 100 V electrode drivers that are individually programmable at each time point in the procedure to either of two phases: 0deg and 180deg with respect to the reference clock. For this demonstration chip, while operating the electrodes with a 100-V peak-to-peak periodic waveform, the maximum HV electrode waveform frequency is about 200 Hz; and standard 5-V CMOS logic data communication rate is variable up to 250 kHz. This HV demonstration chip is fabricated in a 130-V 1.0-mum SOI CMOS fabrication technology, dissipates a maximum of 1.87 W, and is about 10.4 mm x 8.2 mm.

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Section: A High-voltage Electrode Digital Driver Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Dep-assisted Droplet Injection Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Performance Of the Electrode Exciter Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Performance Of the Electrode Exciter Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A High-Voltage SOI CMOS Exciter Chip for a Programmable Fluidic Processor System

Current

Yuk

McConaghy

et al. 2007

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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8 GHz 1V, CMOS quadrature downconverter for wireless applications

Mahmoudi

Salama

2006

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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The design and implementation of an 8 GHz CMOS quadrature downconverter, achieving simultaneously low voltage supply operation and good linearity is presented in this paper. This is achieved by relaxing the inherent tradeoff between power conversion gain and linearity governing all active mixers and implementing a mixer using a new version of the bias-offset technique. The quadrature generator uses active inductors embodied in the LO buffer, and provides easy tuning by relaxing the coupling between amplitude and phase tuning of the outputs. It also provides reduced power consumption by eliminating the buffers located between the quadrature generator and the mixers. A prototype implemented in a 0.18 µm CMOS technology occupies an area of 0.44 × 0.3 mm 2 , operates from a 1V power supply and features an IIP3 of +3.5 dBm, an IIP2 of better than +48 dBm, an input compression point of −5.5 dBm, a power conversion gain of +6.5 dB for the mixers and a quadrature phase and amplitude matching of better than 1.5 • and 1 dB respectively over a bandwidth of 100 MHz after tuning. The overall power consumption of the quadrature downconverter is 25.8 mW.

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Integrated circuit/microfluidic chip to programmably trap and move cells and droplets with dielectrophoresis

2008

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We present an integrated circuit/microfluidic chip that traps and moves individual living biological cells and chemical droplets along programmable paths using dielectrophoresis (DEP). Our chip combines the biocompatibility of microfluidics with the programmability and complexity of integrated circuits (ICs). The chip is capable of simultaneously and independently controlling the location of thousands of dielectric objects, such as cells and chemical droplets. The chip consists of an array of 128 x 256 pixels, 11 x 11 microm(2) in size, controlled by built-in SRAM memory; each pixel can be energized by a radio frequency (RF) voltage of up to 5 V(pp). The IC was built in a commercial foundry and the microfluidic chamber was fabricated on its top surface at Harvard. Using this hybrid chip, we have moved yeast and mammalian cells through a microfluidic chamber at speeds up to 30 microm sec(-1). Thousands of cells can be individually trapped and simultaneously positioned in controlled patterns. The chip can trap and move pL droplets of water in oil, split one droplet into two, and mix two droplets into one. Our IC/microfluidic chip provides a versatile platform to trap and move large numbers of cells and fluid droplets individually for lab-on-a-chip applications.

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A high-voltage CMOS VLSI programmable fluidic processor chip

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

A High-Voltage SOI CMOS Exciter Chip for a Programmable Fluidic Processor System

A High-Voltage SOI CMOS Exciter Chip for a Programmable Fluidic Processor System

8 GHz 1V, CMOS quadrature downconverter for wireless applications

Integrated circuit/microfluidic chip to programmably trap and move cells and droplets with dielectrophoresis

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