A high-throughput test to detect C.E.R.A. doping in blood

Lamon, Séverine; Giraud, Sylvain; Egli, Léonie; Smolander, Jessica; Jarsch, Michael; Stubenrauch, Kay-Gunnar; Hellwig, Alice; Saugy, Martial; Robinson, Neil

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2009.06.038

Cited by 43 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Antidoping control of CERA currently relies on screening by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test [7] and confirmation analysis by immunoaffinity and IEF. [3] During our experience with this process, we became aware of false negative results with ELISA that were clearly positive with IEF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, these criteria will not have to take into account the effects of physical exercise on IEF profiles, as is the case in urine, since these profiles are not affected in blood. [7] Last, EPO analyses in blood appear beneficial in terms of sensitivity, stability during physical exercise, and prevention of sample adulteration at collection. This convenient preparative method now makes screening quite feasible, at least for NESP and CERA, and opens interesting perspectives for the first-generation recombinant EPOs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A fast preparative method for detection of recombinant erythropoietin in blood samples

Lasne¹,

Martin²,

Martin³

2010

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Isoelectric focusing is the basis of anti‐doping control of recombinant erythropoietin in urine. A convenient preparative method is proposed for screening of Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (CERA) and Darbepoetin alfa in serum or plasma. This method makes isoelectric focusing as easy to use in blood as in urine. In comparison with urine, EPO analyses in blood appear beneficial in terms of sensitivity, stability during physical exercise, and prevention of sample adulteration at collection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast preparative method for detection of recombinant erythropoietin in blood samples

Lasne¹,

Martin²,

Martin³

2010

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…New detection methods are currently being evaluated. High throughput screening methods with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are used to detect CERA in serum samples as well as methyl glycine-based anionic surfactant polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SARKOSYL-PAGE) [44,45]. In addition, small non-proteins (microRNAs) are currently being evaluated as possible biomarkers to detect CERA [46].…”

Section: Detecting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Erythropoietin Abuse: An Analysis of Effectiveness and Safety in Exercise

EJ¹

2012

J Sports Med Doping Stud

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Many athletes have been abusing performance enhancing substances for centuries to gain an advantage over their competitors. More recently, athletes such as cyclists, distance runners and cross-country skiers have been utilizing recombinant human erythropoietin (RhEPO) to improve their endurance performance. In clinical practice, RhEPO is used to treat anemia associated with various disorders by increasing hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) levels. Endurance athletes hope to use this effect in order to increase their VO 2 max, which may potentially translate into better athletic outcomes. In exercise studies RhEPO use has shown to increase Hb, Hct, VO 2 max, and time to exhaustion (TTE). Despite these potential benefits, RhEPO use has been associated with serious cardiovascular events and even death. This review will provide an in-depth analysis of RhEPO's effectiveness on exercise performance from various exercise studies, discuss its safety profile, and also analyze detection methods.

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“…This test has been proposed as a highthroughput screening method for antidoping purposes combined with the classic IEF test as a confirmatory assay. 76 …”

Section: Criteria For Declaring An Adverse Analytical Findingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications and Biomonitoring Issues of Recombinant Erythropoietins for Doping Control

Tsitsimpikou¹,

Kouretas²,

Tsarouhas³

et al. 2011

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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The biochemical actions and side effects of recombinant erythropoietins (rhEPOs), their analogs and mimetics, their misuse as doping agents, and the principal analytical strategies developed to identify them in athletes' biologic fluids are reviewed. Patients who experience a range of pathologies have benefited from the administration of rhEPOs to correct severe anemia. Currently, monitoring the biologic effect of rhEPO in patients under treatment is by measuring the hemoglobin concentration. However, it may be valuable to directly monitor the actual levels of the administered drug and determine a dose-dependent correlation with any clinical adverse effect observed. This may permit the adoption of a patient-specific administration regime. Currently, the method of detecting EPO approved for doping control is an isoelectric-focusing, double-blotting, chemiluminescence assay based on charge differences between isoforms of rhEPOs and endogenous EPO in urine. The advantages and limitations of this method are presented. A new approach using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a complementary tool to the established method is discussed. The application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry for the direct detection of the rhEPO molecules may prove to be promising. Indirect evidence of rhEPO abuse by athletes is based on the analysis of blood parameters (hemoglobin hematocrit, reticulocytes, macrocytes, etc) and serum markers (concentration of EPO and serum transferrin receptors, etc). Enrichment of the screened parameters with gene or biochemical markers revealing altered erythropoiesis and adoption of longitudinal monitoring of athletes' hematologic and biochemical parameters could also be a complementary approach in the fight against doping.

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A high-throughput test to detect C.E.R.A. doping in blood

Cited by 43 publications

References 14 publications

A fast preparative method for detection of recombinant erythropoietin in blood samples

A fast preparative method for detection of recombinant erythropoietin in blood samples

A Review of Erythropoietin Abuse: An Analysis of Effectiveness and Safety in Exercise

Applications and Biomonitoring Issues of Recombinant Erythropoietins for Doping Control

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