A high-thermopower ionic hydrogel for intelligent fire protection

Jiang, Changcheng; Lai, Xuejun; Wu, Zhengzhong; Li, Hongqiang; Zeng, Xianlin; Zhao, Yinan; Zeng, Qingtao; Gao, Jiefeng; Zhu, Yurong

doi:10.1039/d2ta05737a

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, it seems that the pHRR even increased for the coated samples with the hydrogel. Jiang et al 99 developed a multifunctional high‐thermopower flame‐retardant ionic hydrogel with using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), acrylamide (AAm), 2‐acrylamide‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPSA), and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ). This hydrogel was applied on wood and led to increase the LOI of wood from 27% to over 80%.…”

Section: Engineering Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel and aerogel‐based flame‐retardant polymeric materials: A review

Vahabi,

Gholami,

Tomas

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Hydrogels are multifunctional engineering materials best known for their promising characteristics such as toughness, flexibility, water absorption capacity, and porosity. These features can support fire protection missions. Application of hydrogels as flame‐retardant materials is receiving much attention, such that several research and industrial projects have been devoted to design, manufacturing, and optimization of flame‐retardant hydrogels—taking a unique position among advanced multifunctional materials and strategies. Likewise, aerogels (derived from gels) due to their porous structure filled with a gas, usually air, rather than water in the case of hydrogels, have shown superior thermal insulation potential. Correspondingly, they have been used in fire and flame protection applications. In this work, the flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels along with mechanisms underlying their flame retardancy are reviewed. Besides classifying and interpreting the open literature on flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels, challenging aspects of future developments ahead of these advanced materials are highlighted.Highlights Briefly overviewed general features of hydrogels including synthesis and applications. Briefly overviewed principles of flame retardancy and flame‐retardant polymers. Reviewed and classified flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels as advanced materials. Summarized the latest advancements in flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels. Highlighted future fire protection by flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels.

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Section: Engineering Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel and aerogel‐based flame‐retardant polymeric materials: A review

Vahabi,

Gholami,

Tomas

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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“…[3] We also compare fire-warning performances of MXene-based fire warning sensors with other fire-warning counterparts, e.g., GO-, CNTs-, biomass-, Ag-based sensors counterparts (Figure 24 and Table 6). [1,[17][18][19]23,29,116,117,[119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130] In terms of the fire detection response time or sensitivity, there are no significant differences between them, but MXene-, GO-, and biomass-based sensors demonstrate faster fire detection responses (within 2 s). For example, the PLCNF/gelatin/ MXene achieves a fire detection response time of 1 s, [117] and GO-PA paper shows a slightly quicker response (≈0.5 s), [122] but the CNTs-containing fiber filter presents a slower flame response of ≈5 s. [29] The slower fire response of CNTs-based sensors is mainly attributed to its different fire-warning mechanism.…”

Section: Comparison Of Fire Warning Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D MXenes for Fire Retardancy and Fire‐Warning Applications: Promises and Prospects

Liu

Feng

Xue

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

103

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Frequent fire disasters have caused massive impacts to the environment, human beings, and the economy. MXene has recently been intensively researched as potential flame retardants to provide passive fire protection for other materials via its physical barrier and catalyzing carbonization effects. In parallel, MXene has also demonstrated a great promise for creating early fire warning sensors, which is an emerging field that has the potential to provide active fire response through its thermoelectric effect. This makes it possible to integrate passive fire retardancy and active fire warning into one MXene‐based fire protection system on demand. However, fulfilling these promises needs more research. Herein, an overview of passive flame‐retardant materials and next‐generation smart fire warning materials/sensors based on MXene and its derivatives is provided. This study reviews their conceptual design, characterization, modification principles, performances, applications, and mechanisms. A discussion of the challenges that need to be solved for their future practical applications and opportunities is also presented.

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“…Ionic thermoelectric (iTE) materials driven by the Soret effect are receiving increasing interest in areas such as energy harvesting from low-grade heat and high-sensitivity sensors due to their giant thermopower (1)(2)(3). The ionic Seebeck coefficient (S i ) can reach an order of magnitude of 10 mV K −1 arising from thermal diffusion of ions under temperature gradients (4), which offers advantages of avoiding the use of a large number of thermoelements to magnify the signal output and producing more sensitive sensors compared to electronic thermoelectric materials (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceptional n-type thermoelectric ionogels enabled by metal coordination and ion-selective association

Zhao,

Zheng,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Ionic liquid–based ionogels emerge as promising candidates for efficient ionic thermoelectric conversion due to their quasi-solid state, giant thermopower, high flexibility, and good stability. P-type ionogels have shown impressive performance; however, the development of n-type ionogels lags behind. Here, an n-type ionogel consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), lithium salt, and ionic liquid is developed. Strong coordination of lithium ion with ether oxygen and the anion-rich clusters generated by ion-preferential association promote rapid transport of the anions and boost Eastman entropy change, resulting in a huge negative ionic Seebeck coefficient (−15 millivolts per kelvin) and a high electrical conductivity (1.86 millisiemens per centimeter) at 50% relative humidity. Moreover, dynamic and reversible interactions among the ternary mixtures endow the ionogel with fast autonomous self-healing capability and green recyclability. All PEO-based ionic thermoelectric modules are fabricated, which exhibits outstanding thermal responses (−80 millivolts per kelvin for three p-n pairs), demonstrating great potential for low-grade energy harvesting and ultrasensitive thermal sensing.

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A high-thermopower ionic hydrogel for intelligent fire protection

Abstract: High fire-safety and sensitive temperature-response materials are urgently needed for the development of intelligent fire protection. Herein, a multifunctional flame-retardant ionic hydrogel (HTIG) with high thermopower was fabricated via free-radical...

Cited by 32 publications

References 48 publications

Hydrogel and aerogel‐based flame‐retardant polymeric materials: A review

Hydrogel and aerogel‐based flame‐retardant polymeric materials: A review

2D MXenes for Fire Retardancy and Fire‐Warning Applications: Promises and Prospects

Exceptional n-type thermoelectric ionogels enabled by metal coordination and ion-selective association

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