A high strength and conductivity bulk Magnéli phase Ti4O7 with superior electrochemical performance

Liu, Hui Jun; Luo, Meng Qi; Yang, Lingxu; Zeng, Chao; Fu, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.05.233

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“… 22 , 23 Raman studies of Ti 2 O 3 , Ti 3 O 5 , and Ti 4 O 7 show a variety of peaks for each phase. 24 − 26 The congruence in peak positions between these studies and the broad peaks observed in Figure 6 supports the presence of these three Magneli phases in the sample investigated. However, the absence of an identifiable dominant phase necessitates the assumption of a composite mixture consisting of three distinct phases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Magneli phases with n ≤ 4 prove to be promising catalysts, exhibiting enhanced catalytic activity, remarkable stability, and resistance to corrosion. Conversely, for n > 4, substantial changes in the crystal structures lead to notable shifts in the catalytic properties. , Raman studies of Ti 2 O 3 , Ti 3 O 5 , and Ti 4 O 7 show a variety of peaks for each phase. − The congruence in peak positions between these studies and the broad peaks observed in Figure supports the presence of these three Magneli phases in the sample investigated. However, the absence of an identifiable dominant phase necessitates the assumption of a composite mixture consisting of three distinct phases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO₂ Thin Films

Berends,

Schwager,

Gehrke

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Black titanium dioxide (B-TiO 2 ) is a highly active photoelectrochemical material compared to pure titanium dioxide due to its increased light absorption properties. Recently, we presented the deposition of thin-film B-TiO 2 using an asymmetric bipolar reactive magnetron sputter process. The resulting samples exhibit excellent photoelectrochemical properties, which can be fine-tuned by varying the process parameters. In this article, results of morphological, electrical, and photoelectrochemical measurements are discussed to better understand the surprisingly high electrochemical activity of the films. In order to study the influence of the dynamic process on film formation, we use static sputtering with a fixed substrate covering the entire chamber area in front of the two targets. This allows the material composition of the sputtered film to be analyzed depending on its relative position to the targets. The results lead to the conclusion that the asymmetric bipolar sputtering mainly produces two phases, a transparent, nonconductive crystalline phase and a black, conductive amorphous phase. As a consequence, the dynamically sputtered samples are multilayers of these two materials. We discuss that the significantly better electrical and photoelectrochemical properties emerge from the inhomogeneous nature of the laminates, like also found in core−shell nanoparticles of B-TiO 2 .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO₂ Thin Films

Berends,

Schwager,

Gehrke

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…In addition, the triplicate experiments for each treatment always exhibited satisfactory treatment effect in swine wastewater treatment, confirming the durability of Ti 4 O 7 electrode prepared in this study. The stability of Ti 4 O 7 in different reaction conditions has also been proved in the previous studies [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Therefore, it is feasible in swine wastewater treatment to use EO methods by Ti 4 O 7 anode.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

A Case Study of Swine Wastewater Treatment via Electrochemical Oxidation by Ti4O7 Anode

Wan

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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With the rapid development of breeding industry, the efficient treatment of dramatically increasing swine wastewater is gradually becoming urgent. In particular, the development of application technologies suitable for the relatively small piggeries is critical due to the time cost and space requirements of conventional biological methods. In this study, Electrochemical oxidation (EO) was selected to systematically explore the treatment performance of three different swine wastewaters by Ti4O7 anode. It was observed that the colors changed from dark brown to light yellow after 60 min treatment at 50 mA/cm2, and the removal rates of turbidity and suspended solids ranged from 89.36% to 93.65% and 81.31% to 92.55%, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) of all the three swine wastewaters were simultaneously removed to a very low concentration in 120 min, especially for sample III, 61 ± 9 mg/L of COD, 6.6 ± 0.4 mg/L of NH3-N and 5.7 ± 1.1 mg/L of TP, which met the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Livestock and Poultry Breeding (GB 18596-2001). Moreover, 70.93%–85.37% mineralization rates were also achieved in 120 min, confirming that EO treatment by Ti4O7 could efficiently remove the organic matters in wastewater. Excitation–emission matrix (EEM) and UV-vis spectrum characterization results further proved that aromatic compounds and macromolecules in wastewater were rapidly removed, which played important roles in the mineralization processes. The findings here provided an efficient and environment-friendly technology for swine wastewater treatment.

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“…Applying a more stable material as the catalyst support is a practical strategy to eliminate the performance loss caused by carbon corrosion. 8 Among all potential candidates, titanium suboxides (also known as the Magneli phase, Ti n O 2 n −1 ), especially Ti 4 O 7 , attract great attention since it owns a wider electrochemical stability window, 9 relatively high electrical conductivity, 10 and excellent stability under fuel cell operating environments. 11 Traditionally, Ti 4 O 7 is synthesized by reducing TiO 2 under pure or dilute hydrogen at a high temperature, which is dangerous in laboratory or commercial scale-up production since hydrogen is a flammable and explosive gas with a wide explosive limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing highly durable reversal-tolerant anodes via integrating high-surface-area Ti₄O₇ supported Pt and Ir@IrO_x for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Li,

Mu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Energy Environ. Sci.

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A high strength and conductivity bulk Magnéli phase Ti4O7 with superior electrochemical performance

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO₂ Thin Films

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO₂ Thin Films

A Case Study of Swine Wastewater Treatment via Electrochemical Oxidation by Ti4O7 Anode

Constructing highly durable reversal-tolerant anodes via integrating high-surface-area Ti₄O₇ supported Pt and Ir@IrO_x for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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A high strength and conductivity bulk Magnéli phase Ti4O7 with superior electrochemical performance

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO2 Thin Films

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO2 Thin Films

A Case Study of Swine Wastewater Treatment via Electrochemical Oxidation by Ti4O7 Anode

Constructing highly durable reversal-tolerant anodes via integrating high-surface-area Ti4O7 supported Pt and Ir@IrOx for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Contact Info

Product

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About

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO₂ Thin Films

Analysis of the Inhomogeneous Growth of Sputtered Black TiO₂ Thin Films

Constructing highly durable reversal-tolerant anodes via integrating high-surface-area Ti₄O₇ supported Pt and Ir@IrO_x for proton exchange membrane fuel cells