A high-salt diet aggravates retinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury

Li, Qingchen; Fang, Wangyi; Hu, Fangyuan; Zhou, Xujiao; Cheng, Yun; Jiang, Chunhui

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2019.107784

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is well known that excessive intake of sodium chloride could lead to hypertension, which causes various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (Gelabert et al., 2003). In addition, a high‐salt diet contributes to inflammation and tissue hypoperfusion, aggravating retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (Li, Fang, et al., 2019). It also affects the composition and functional stability of intestinal microbes by affecting the protein and polysaccharide degrading enzymes secreted by intestinal microorganisms, these proteins play an important role in pyrimidine metabolism, ATP binding, cell cycle, and so on (Wang et al., 2017); hence, it is considered to be one of the root causes of gastrointestinal diseases (Li, Sun, et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl₂ on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Liu

Feng

Xue

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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KCl and CaCl2 were used as partial substitutes for NaCl during pickling salted eggs process in this study. The effects on the physicochemical properties, microstructure, textural properties and sensory quality of the salted eggs were evaluated, while comparing with the 18% NaCl group (Na group). The 3% replacement of NaCl by KCl reduced the Na content (p < 0.05), accelerated the water migration (p < 0.05) in salted eggs and increased the apparent oil yield and oil exudation of salted egg yolk (p < 0.05); but the rheological properties and microstructure of salted egg yolk were minimally affected. The 3% replacement of NaCl by CaCl2 reduced the Na content (p < 0.05), delayed the water migration rate (p < 0.05) in salted eggs and decreased the apparent oil yield and oil exudation of salted egg yolk (p < 0.05). Additionally, the process of egg white thinning and egg yolk hardening were delayed. The results indicate that the partial substitution of NaCl by KCl or CaCl2 during the pickling process of salted eggs could effectively inhibit the infiltration of Na+, and the presence of KCl could improve the quality of salted eggs. Still, the presence of CaCl2 delay the ripening of salted eggs. Practical Application KCl and CaCl2 as substitutes of sodium salt could play the role of reducing Na content but not affecting saline taste of salted eggs, which is conducive to the development of low‐sodium salted eggs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl₂ on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Liu

Feng

Xue

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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“…Such influence has been inconsistently concluded in a handful of previous studies. The influence on retinopathy and neuropathy observed in our study might result from hypertension and high blood glucose associated with a high salt diet ( 28 , 29 ). Another explanation might be that a high-salt diet led to ischaemia/reperfusion-induced retinal neuronal impairment via activating pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic signaling pathways and inhibiting vasodilation ( 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Influence of Dietary Salt Intake on T2D Treatment

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundsTo what extent patients undergoing long-term T2D treatment are affected by dietary salt intake has not been completely investigated.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the influence of dietary salt intakes on T2D treatment, including glucose-lowering effect and indices related to T2D progression.MethodsThe study recruited 1090 patients with T2D at Ningbo City First Hospital from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2021. We compared their one-year follow-up outcomes in terms of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure, obesity, and prevalence of retinopathy and neuropathy among groups with different dietary salt intakes.ResultsThe 1090 patients consisted of 287(26.3%) decreasing-, 190(17.4%) increasing-, 175(16.0%) steadily low-, 243(22.3%) steadily medium-, and 195(17.9%) steadily high-dietary salt intake patients. Compared to increasing-, steadily medium-, and steadily high-dietary salt intake patients, decreasing and steadily low salt intake led to lower baseline FBG, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), BMI, and visceral fat area (VFA) (all p<0.05), to a larger decrease in FBG, HbA1c, SBP, BMI, and VFA after one-year treatment (all p<0.05), as well as to a slightly lower prevalence of retinopathy and a significantly lower prevalence of neuropathy. The steadily low salt patients had lower urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UAR) both at baseline and after treatment. Notably, the fasting insulin in the steadily low salt group was higher than the remaining groups after treatment (p<0.01).ConclusionsThe present study concludes that lowered dietary salt intake benefits T2D treatment in multiple aspects, including main treatment targets such as FBG and HbA1c, and indices reflecting potential complications of T2D, including BMI, VFA, SBP, UAR, retinopathy, and neuropathy.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03811470.

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“…This is consistent with maternal high-salt intake-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the adult offspring's heart. HSD also activates pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in the retina (101). However, the mechanism of HSD-induced effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis needs to be further explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive Sodium Intake Leads to Cardiovascular Disease by Promoting Sex-Specific Dysfunction of Murine Heart

2022

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BackgroundGlobally, a high-salt diet (HSD) has become a threat to human health as it can lead to a high risk of cardiac damage. Although some studies investigating HSD have been carried out, the majority has been conducted in males, and there are few female-specific studies, thereby ignoring any effects of sex-specific damage on the heart. In this study, we determined how HSD induces different pathways of cardiovascular diseases through sex-specific effects on cardiac damage in mice.MethodsAn HSD murine model of male and female C57BL/6J mice was fed with sodium-rich chow (4% NaCl). After 8 weeks, cardiac tissues were collected, and the whole gene transcriptome of the hearts of male and female mice was characterized and analyzed using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to further assess the harmful effects of HSD on protein expression of genes associated with immunity, fibrosis, and apoptosis in male and female mice.ResultsHSD drastically altered the cardiac transcriptome compared to that of the normal heart in both male and female mice and had a sex-specific effect on the cardiac composition in the transcriptome. HSD produced various differentially expressed genes and affected different KEGG pathways of the transcriptome in male and female mice. Furthermore, we found that HSD induced different pathways of cardiovascular disease in the male mice and female mice. The pathway of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is significantly enriched in HSD-treated male mice, while the pathway of dilated cardiomyopathy is significantly enriched in HSD-treated female mice. Finally, metabolism, immunity, fibrosis, and apoptosis in the mouse heart showed sex-specific changes predicting cardiac damage.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that HSD adversely impacts cardiac structure and function by affecting the metabolism, immunity, fibrosis, and apoptosis in the murine heart and induces the mouse to suffer from sex-specific cardiovascular disease. This study provides a new perspective and basis for the differences in the pharmacology and interventional treatment of sex-specific cardiovascular diseases induced by HSD in men and women.

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A high-salt diet aggravates retinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl₂ on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl₂ on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Influence of Dietary Salt Intake on T2D Treatment

Excessive Sodium Intake Leads to Cardiovascular Disease by Promoting Sex-Specific Dysfunction of Murine Heart

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A high-salt diet aggravates retinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl2 on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl2 on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Influence of Dietary Salt Intake on T2D Treatment

Excessive Sodium Intake Leads to Cardiovascular Disease by Promoting Sex-Specific Dysfunction of Murine Heart

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Product

Resources

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Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl₂ on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs

Effects of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl and CaCl₂ on physicochemical properties, microstructure, and textural properties of salted eggs