A high-resolution pollen record from East China reveals large climate variability near the Northgrippian-Meghalayan boundary (around 4200 years ago) exerted societal influence

Li, Chunhai; Li, Yongxiang; Zheng, Yan; Yu, Shi‐Yong; Tang, Lina; Li, Beibei; Cui, Qiaoyu

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.07.031

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The new Holocene subdivisions have so far been readily adopted and, despite having been introduced only a few months ago, both the subdivisions themselves and the new terminology have already been applied in several recent publications (e.g. Bassetti et al ., ; Caron et al ., ; Eynaud et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Meeder and Parkinson, ; Tarrats et al ., ). This supports the view expressed previously (Walker et al ., ; and see above) that a tripartite division of the Holocene with boundaries at ~8.2 and 4.2 ka bp is one that the Quaternary community is comfortable with and finds useful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the eastern hemisphere the 4.2-ka event caused disruption or deflection of the westerlies, the Indian Summer Monsoon and the East Asian Monsoon (Weiss, 2016). It led to añ 250-year widespread drought in many mid-and low-latitude regions that was broken perhaps only briefly, and has been linked to synchronous societal collapse, habitat-tracking, and eventual resettlement and reorganization across Spain (López-Sáez et al, 2018), Greece (Davis, 2013), Egypt (Hassan et al, 2017), Palestine (Harrison, 2012;Weiss, 2017a), Mesopotamia (Weiss, 2017b), the Indus Valley (Petrie et al, 2017) and China (Li et al, 2018).…”

Section: Northgrippian Stage/age; Middle Holocene Subseries/subepochmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Walker

Head

Lowe

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

151

104

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The Holocene, which currently spans ~11 700 years, is the shortest series/epoch within the geological time scale (GTS), yet it contains a rich archive of evidence in stratigraphical contexts that are frequently continuous and often preserved at high levels of resolution. On 14 June 2018, the Executive Committee of the International Union of Geological Sciences formally ratified a proposal to subdivide the Holocene into three stages/ages, along with their equivalent subseries/subepochs, each anchored by a Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). The new stages are the Greenlandian (Lower/Early Holocene Subseries/Subepoch) with its GSSP in the Greenland NGRIP2 ice core and dated at 11 700 a b2k (before 2000 CE); the Northgrippian (Middle Holocene Subseries/Subepoch) with its GSSP in the Greenland NGRIP1 ice core and dated at 8236 a b2k; and the Meghalayan (Upper/Late Holocene Subseries/Subepoch) with its GSSP in a speleothem from Mawmluh Cave, north‐eastern India, with a date of 4250 a b2k. We explain the nomenclature of the new divisions, describe the procedures involved in the ratification process, designate auxiliary stratotypes to support the GSSPs and consider the implications of the subdivision for defining the Anthropocene as a new unit within the GTS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Northgrippian Stage/age; Middle Holocene Subseries/subepochmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Walker

Head

Lowe

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

151

104

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“…The event at 4,200 yrs BP is consistent with the ∂ 18 O and solar irradiance records and is referenced in the literature as the "4.2 kiloyear event" (deMenocal, 2001). This intense drought event was suggested to have had a major impact on different civilizations (collapses, migrations; (Bini et al, 2019;Gibbons, 1993;Li et al, 2018;Staubwasser et al, 2003). Thus, in some parts of China, the production of rice fields sharply decreased during this period, leading to a decrease in population (Gao et al, 2007).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Random Forest And Ran15 Calibrations For Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of global temperature and pH calibrations based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids in soils

Véquaud¹,

Derenne²,

Thibault³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs) with 10 to 18 C atoms are membrane lipids mainly produced by Gram-negative bacteria. They have been recently proposed as temperature and pH proxies in terrestrial settings. Nevertheless, the existing correlations between pH/temperature and indices derived from 3-OH FA distribution (RIAN, RAN15 and RAN17) are based on a small soil dataset (ca. 70 samples) and only applicable regionally. The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of 3-OH FAs as mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and pH proxies at the global level. This was achieved using an extended soil dataset of 168 topsoils distributed worldwide, covering a wide range of temperatures (5 °C to 30 °C) and pH (3 to 8). The response of 3-OH FAs to temperature and pH was compared to that of established branched GDGT-based proxies (MBT'5Me/CBT). Strong linear relationships between 3-OH FA-derived indices (RAN15, RAN17 and RIAN) and MAAT/pH could only be obtained locally, for some of the individual transects. This suggests that these indices cannot be used as paleoproxies at the global scale using simple linear regression models, in contrast with the MBT'5Me and CBT. However, strong global correlations between 3-OH FA relative abundances and MAAT/pH were shown by using other algorithms (multiple linear regression, k-NN and random forest models). The applicability of the k-NN and random forest models for paleotemperature reconstruction was tested and compared with the MAAT record from a Chinese speleothem. The calibration based on the random forest model appeared to be the most robust. It showed similar trends with previously available records and highlighted known climatic events poorly visible when using local 3-OH FA calibrations. Altogether, these results demonstrate the potential of 3-OH FAs as paleoproxies in terrestrial settings.

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“…The Meghalayan has received particular attention because there is evidence that this natural climatic event had an impact on human societies across the globe. It played an important role in the collapse of three of the four major ancient civilizations -Old Kingdom of Egypt (Arz, Lamy, & Pätzold, 2006;Pennington, Hamdan, Pears, & Sameh, 2019), Mesopotamia (Weiss, 2017) and India (Staubwasser, Sirocko, Grootes, & Segl, 2003;Dixit, Hodell, & Petrie, 2014), as well as disrupting the Chinese civilisation (Liu & Feng, 2012;Li et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Meghalayan Age Versus the Background Of The Holocene Epomentioning

confidence: 99%

Where the Meghalayan meets the Anthropocene: Stratigraphic signals of human-environmental interactions on the periphery of Indian civilisation

Prokop¹

2020

Geogr. Pol.

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The aims of this study were to review human-environment interactions during the Meghalayan and to search for the stratigraphic boundary of a new epoch, informally termed the Anthropocene, as well as to determine whether the stratigraphic signals of human activity on the Meghalaya Plateau in Northeast India can be correlated globally. This plateau is the base of the Meghalayan Age that was determined from a speleothem in a cave located on it. Review indicates that study region developed on the periphery of ancient Indian civilisation, with stratigraphic signals of human activity being apparent in only the last few thousand years; that is, substantially later than the neighbouring ancient Indian civilisation. The stratigraphic signals are heterogeneous and diachronous, not only as a result of various human activities, but also in the effect of the diverse sensitivities of the environment to anthropogenic disturbances. A discrete and visible cultural layer that relates to the development of settlements and the production of new materials is still being formed and reworked. The only synchronous stratigraphic signal with a global range seems to be associated with the artificial radionuclide fallout from nuclear weapons testing, which covers a topsoil layer of up to tens of centimetres thick

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A high-resolution pollen record from East China reveals large climate variability near the Northgrippian-Meghalayan boundary (around 4200 years ago) exerted societal influence

Cited by 37 publications

References 63 publications

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Development of global temperature and pH calibrations based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids in soils

Where the Meghalayan meets the Anthropocene: Stratigraphic signals of human-environmental interactions on the periphery of Indian civilisation

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A high-resolution pollen record from East China reveals large climate variability near the Northgrippian-Meghalayan boundary (around 4200 years ago) exerted societal influence

Cited by 37 publications

References 63 publications

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Subdividing the Holocene Series/Epoch: formalization of stages/ages and subseries/subepochs, and designation of GSSPs and auxiliary stratotypes

Development of global temperature and pH calibrations based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids in soils

Where the Meghalayan meets the Anthropocene: Stratigraphic signals of human-environmental interactions on the periphery of Indian civilisation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A high-resolution pollen record from East China reveals large climate variability near the Northgrippian-Meghalayan boundary (around 4200 years ago) exerted societal influence