A high-resolution history of the South American Monsoon from Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene

Novello, Valdir F.; Cruz, F. W.; Vuille, Mathias; Stríkis, Nicolás Misailidis; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Cheng, Hai; Emerick, Suellyn; Paula, Marcos Saito de; Li, Xianglei; Barreto, Eline de S.; Karmann, Ivo; Santos, Roberto Ventura

doi:10.1038/srep44267

Cited by 138 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A general drying in northern Amazonia since the 1970s has also been reported (e.g., Marengo, 2004). However, at centennial time scale, solar forcing appears to be one the drivers effecting South American monsoon system intensity (Novello et al, 2017). This is achieved by testing the null hypotheses that the observed trends are within the 5-95th percentile distribution of unforced trends derived from preindustrial control simulations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Simultaneous Regional Detection of Land‐Use Changes and Elevated GHG Levels: The Case of Spring Precipitation in Tropical South America

Barkhordarian

Storch²,

Behrangi

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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A decline in dry season precipitation over tropical South America has a large impact on ecosystem health of the region. Results here indicate that the magnitude of negative trends in dry season precipitation in the past decades exceeds the estimated range of trends due to natural variability of the climate system defined in both the preindustrial climate and during the 850–1850 millennium. The observed drying is associated with an increase in vapor pressure deficit. The univariate detection analysis shows that greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing has a systematic influence in negative 30‐year trends of precipitation ending in 1998 and later on. The bivariate attribution analysis demonstrates that forcing by elevated GHG levels and land‐use change are attributed as key causes for the observed drying during 1983–2012 over the southern Amazonia and central Brazil. We further show that the effect of GS signal (GHG and sulfate aerosols) based on RCP4.5 scenario already has a detectable influence in the observed drying. Thus, we suggest that the recently observed “drier dry season” is a feature which will continue and intensify in the course of unfolding anthropogenic climate change. Such change could have profound societal and ecosystem impacts over the region.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The detection results presented in the next section using natural-forcing-only simulations (NAT) confirm this statement. However, at centennial time scale, solar forcing appears to be one the drivers effecting South American monsoon system intensity (Novello et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Regional Detection of Land‐Use Changes and Elevated GHG Levels: The Case of Spring Precipitation in Tropical South America

Barkhordarian

Storch²,

Behrangi

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In unimodal regimes, the FVE by the annual component is much greater than the FVE by the semiannual component. The occurrence of the unimodal regime is probably related to the so‐called South American monsoon (Novello et al, ). The bimodal regime predominates in the Andean region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of Rainfall in Colombia

Urrea

Ochoa

Sánchez

2019

Water Resources Research

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The knowledge of the annual cycle of rainfall is of primary concern for many socioeconomic activities such as agricultural planning, electricity generation, and flood and other disaster management. The annual cycle of rainfall in Colombia has been studied so far using monthly or quarterly information, identifying zones with the unimodal regime (one wet season and one dry season) over the Caribbean, the Amazon, and the Pacific regions and zones with the bimodal regime (two wet and two dry seasons) in the Andes. This paper explores the annual rainfall cycle in Colombia on a daily basis using historical records of 1,706 rain gauges and the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data precipitation data set. We found four types of annual precipitation regimes: unimodal, bimodal, mixed, and aseasonal. The unimodal regime predominates in the low‐altitude zones of the east and the north, the bimodal and mixed regimes over the Andes mountain range, and the aseasonal in the Pacific region. These results improve the statistical diagnosis of the spatial variability of the rainfall seasonality in Colombia. This phenomenon, however, is still far from being fully understood in its hydroclimatic context. The annual migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone is not enough to explain the diversity of rainfall regimes in Colombia. Local factors such as topography and land cover could play an important role in the occurrence and duration of rainfall seasons.

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“…This is further supported by changes in speleothem δ 18 O values across the SAMS region ( Figure 6). This includes northeast Brazil (Paixão Cave, PX5*, PX7; Marota: MAG*) [24,25], eastern Brazil (Lapa Sem Fim Cave: LSF3, LSF9*, LSF11*, LSF13*, LSF15*, LSF16; Lapa Grande: LG3, LG10*, LG11, LG12B*, LG25*), and central Brazil (Jaraguá Cave: JAR7, JAR14, JAR13) [21]. Precipitation increases are also observed for eastern (Paraíso Cave: PAR01, PAR03, PAR06, PAR07, PAR08, PAR16, PAR24) [29] and western Amazonia (El Condor: ELC-A*, ELC-B*; Cueva del Diamante: NAR-C*, NAR-D*, NAR-F*, Pacupahuain Cave) [16,27] as well as southeastern Brazil (Botuverá Cave: BT2, BTV3A*, BTV4A*, BTV4C*) [10][11][12] (Figure 6).…”

Section: Millennial-scale Climate Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary Variations in the South American Monsoon System as Inferred by Speleothems—New Perspectives using the SISAL Database

et al. 2019

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Here we present an overview of speleothem δ 18 O records from South America, most of which are available in the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL_v1) database. South American tropical and subtropical speleothem δ 18 O time series are primarily interpreted to reflect changes in precipitation amount, the amount effect, and consequently history of convection intensity variability of convergence zones such as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the South America Monsoon System (SAMS). We investigate past hydroclimate scenarios in South America related to the South American Monsoon System in three different time periods: Late Pleistocene, Holocene, and the last two millennia. Precession driven summertime insolation is the main driver of convective variability over the continent during the last 120 kyrs (from present day to 120 kyrs BP), including the Holocene. However, there is a dipole between speleothem δ 18 O records from western and eastern South America. Records located in the central region of Brazil are weakly affected by insolation-driven variability, and instead are more susceptible to the variability associated with the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ). Cold episodic events in the Northern Hemisphere, such as Heinrich and Bond Events, and the Little Ice Age, increase the convective activity of the SAMS, resulting in increased precipitation amount in South America.

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A high-resolution history of the South American Monsoon from Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene

Cited by 138 publications

References 38 publications

Simultaneous Regional Detection of Land‐Use Changes and Elevated GHG Levels: The Case of Spring Precipitation in Tropical South America

Simultaneous Regional Detection of Land‐Use Changes and Elevated GHG Levels: The Case of Spring Precipitation in Tropical South America

Seasonality of Rainfall in Colombia

Late Quaternary Variations in the South American Monsoon System as Inferred by Speleothems—New Perspectives using the SISAL Database

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