A high repetition rate electron accelerator with a water Blumlein and a matching transformer

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet prepares TiO2 coating on carbon fibre for field emission and explosive electron emission

“…At the 100th pulse shot, the relative change ratio of the current density was 2.4%. At the 200th pulse shot, the current density decreased to 0.785 kA cm −2 , and the relative change ratio was 4.2%, which is acceptable for the requirements of high-current explosive emission [49]. The results the stability test show that the TiO 2 /carbon fibre cathode can bear long-term explosive electron emission.…”

Testing of the water supplying system for the cathode of a vacuum electron diode

“…The water supply tube is made in the form of an Archimedes spiral, which acts as a choke that separates the potential part of the generator from the grounded case when an accelerating voltage pulse with duration of less than 1 μs is generated. Experiments as part of the accelerator were carried out on two experimental stands: on the basis of a forming line, which provides a voltage rise rate of about 5•10 12 V/s [12]; based on pulse transformer (2•10 12 V/s) [13]. To measure the diode parameters, we used the developed complex diagnostic device [14] and current and voltage sensors of the accelerator diode.…”

Optimization of Transmission X-ray Target for Intense Pulsed Electron Beam Accelerators

“…In recent years, trials with intense pulsed electron beams (IPEBs) for electron and X-ray radiation have been extensively developed. These IPEB accelerators with compact designs, producing pulsed electron beams with energy of 6-200 J per pulse, electron energy in the range from 100 to 500 keV, beam current in kA scale, sub-microsecond (75-250 ns) pulse duration, and repetition up to 50 pulses per second (pps) [16,17], have been widely studied in material synthesis and processing [18], wastewater [19] and gas [20] purification, agricultural irradiation [21], and medical material preparation [22]. When used for X-rays, these IPEB sources also exhibit virtues such as compact design, high mobility, and flexibility in deployment [17].…”

“…These IPEB accelerators with compact designs, producing pulsed electron beams with energy of 6-200 J per pulse, electron energy in the range from 100 to 500 keV, beam current in kA scale, sub-microsecond (75-250 ns) pulse duration, and repetition up to 50 pulses per second (pps) [16,17], have been widely studied in material synthesis and processing [18], wastewater [19] and gas [20] purification, agricultural irradiation [21], and medical material preparation [22]. When used for X-rays, these IPEB sources also exhibit virtues such as compact design, high mobility, and flexibility in deployment [17]. Most IPEB sources extract electrons from plasma formed by explosive emissions induced by applying pulsed negative high voltages on cold solid cathodes made of graphite, metals, or composited metal-dielectric materials.…”

“…Although the physics of electron-matter interaction has been extensively studied and some tests on IPEB X-ray sources have been carried out, an optimized X-ray target design to match the IPEB has not been fully elaborated. In previous studies, for robustness, a single sheet of metal [17] or some dual-layer structure was used and tested with the X-ray converter [23]. The selection of the target thickness ensured it was roughly thick enough to avoid breaking under repetitive operation or adopted the electron range for complete electron absorption.…”