A High Phase-Space-Density Gas of Polar Molecules

Ni, Kang-Kuen; Ospelkaus, Silke; Miranda, M. H. G. de; Pe’er, Asaf; Neyenhuis, Brian; Zirbel, Joshua; Kotochigova, Svetlana; Julienne, Paul S.; Jin, D. S.; Ye, J.

doi:10.1126/science.1163861

Cited by 1,826 publications

(2,209 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This model applies to atoms and molecules with fixed electric or magnetic dipoles 17,18,24 , and to Rydberg atoms with induced dipoles 23 . For simplicity, we will assume that only the nearest-neighbor term V 1 = V is non zero.…”

Section: The Haldane Insulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamical probing of a topological phase of bosons in one dimension

Torre

2013

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We study the linear response to time-dependent probes of a symmetry-protected topological phase of bosons in one-dimension, the Haldane insulator (HI). This phase is separated from the ordinary Mott insulator (MI) and density-wave (DW) phases by continuous transitions, whose field theoretical description is here reviewed. Using this technique, we compute the absorption spectrum to two types of periodic perturbations and relate the findings to the nature of the critical excitations at the transition between the different phases. The HI-MI phase transition is topological and the critical excitations possess trivial quantum numbers: they correspond to particles and holes at zero momentum. Our findings are corroborated by a non-local mean-field approach, which allows us to directly relate the predicted spectrum to the known microscopic theory.

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Section: The Haldane Insulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phase arises in models of interacting bosons on a one-dimensional lattice, which are relevant to ultracold dipolar atoms 17 or molecules 18 and Rydberg atoms 19 , in optical lattices 20 . These systems support additional phases that are topologically trivial, such as the Mott insulator (MI) and the density-wave (DW) phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical probing of a topological phase of bosons in one dimension

Torre

2013

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…15) and KRb (ref. 16). For KRb, the rovibronic ground state was reached, resulting in a near-quantum-degenerate gas of fermionic ground-state molecules 16 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16). For KRb, the rovibronic ground state was reached, resulting in a near-quantum-degenerate gas of fermionic ground-state molecules 16 . Transfer of molecules in the presence of an optical lattice has been implemented for Rb 2 molecules 17 , and the lowest rovibrational level of the shallow triplet a 3 + u potential was reached 18 .…”

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An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state molecules in an optical lattice

et al. 2010

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Control over all internal and external degrees of freedom of molecules at the level of single quantum states will enable a series of fundamental studies in physics and chemistry 1,2 . In particular, samples of ground-state molecules at ultralow temperatures and high number densities will facilitate new quantum-gas studies 3 and future applications in quantum information science 4 . However, high phase-space densities for molecular samples are not readily attainable because efficient cooling techniques such as laser cooling are lacking. Here we produce an ultracold and dense sample of molecules in a single hyperfine level of the rovibronic ground state with each molecule individually trapped in the motional ground state of an optical lattice well. Starting from a zero-temperature atomic Mott-insulator state 5 with optimized double-site occupancy 6 , weakly bound dimer molecules are efficiently associated on a Feshbach resonance 7 and subsequently transferred to the rovibronic ground state by a stimulated four-photon process with >50% efficiency. The molecules are trapped in the lattice and have a lifetime of 8 s. Our results present a crucial step towards Bose-Einstein condensation of groundstate molecules and, when suitably generalized to polar heteronuclear molecules, the realization of dipolar quantumgas phases in optical lattices [8][9][10] .Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of atomic quantum gases. Ultracold atomic samples have been loaded into optical lattice potentials, enabling the realization of strongly correlated many-body systems and the direct observation of quantum phase transitions with full control over the entire parameter space 5 . Molecules with their higher level of complexity are expected to have a crucial role in future-generation quantumgas studies. For example, the long-range dipole-dipole force between polar molecules gives rise to nearest-neighbour and next-nearest-neighbour interaction terms in the extended BoseHubbard Hamiltonian and should thus lead to unusual many-body states in optical lattices in the form of striped, checkerboard and supersolid phases [8][9][10] .An important prerequisite for all proposed molecular quantumgas experiments is the capability to fully control all internal and external quantum degrees of freedom of the molecules. For radiative and collisional stability, the molecules need to be prepared in their rovibronic ground state, that is, the lowest vibrational and rotational level of the lowest electronic state, and preferably in its energetically lowest hyperfine sublevel. As a starting point for the realization of new quantum phases, the molecular ensemble should be in the ground state of the many-body system. Such state control is possible only at ultralow temperatures and sufficiently high particle densities. Although versatile non-optical cooling and slowing techniques have recently been developed for molecular ensembles 11 and photo-association experiments with atoms in magneto-optical traps have reached the rovibrational ground sta...

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Ultracold Molecules: Their Formation and Application to Quantum Computing

Côté¹

2014

Advances in Chemical Physics

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A High Phase-Space-Density Gas of Polar Molecules

Cited by 1,826 publications

References 34 publications

Dynamical probing of a topological phase of bosons in one dimension

Dynamical probing of a topological phase of bosons in one dimension

An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state molecules in an optical lattice

Ultracold Molecules: Their Formation and Application to Quantum Computing

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