A High-Performance Hierarchical Graphene@Polyaniline@Graphene Sandwich Containing Hollow Structures for Supercapacitor Electrodes

Abstract

An effective design and fabrication of a more steady structure for high-performance electrodes applications still remains a challenge. Herein, we have designed and fabricated a hierarchical heterostructure of a graphene@polyaniline@ graphene sandwich consisting of hollow polyaniline spheres as the sandwich layer and graphene both as an internal skeleton shell and a cladding layer. The special sandwich configuration not only enlarged the specific surface area but also improved the electrical conductibility. Most importantly, the graphene double shells could prevent the structural breakdown (swelling or shrinkage) of polyaniline. Therefore, as a supercapacitor electrode, the hybrid exhibited excellent performance with a specific capacitance of 682.75 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and a remarkable cycling stability with capacitance retentions of 92.8% after 1000 cycles and even 87.6% after 10,000 cycles, which were better than those of pure polyaniline. In addition, the specific capacitance could reach 217.11 F g −1 at a high current density of 20 A g −1 . Thus, it could be considered as a perspective electrode for the next generation of high-performance supercapacitors.

Graphene‐Based Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

“…The use of other hybrid materials, including flexible graphene–PANi nanofibers, graphene–PANi flakes, PANi‐embedded holey graphene nanoribbons, hierarchical graphene@PANi@graphene sandwich containing hollow structures, 3D porous graphene/PANi, freestanding hierarchical CNF/GO/PANi, and PANi‐grafted rGO, has also been considered as potential materials for supercapacitors.…”

Heterostructured Hybrid rGO@α‐MnO2/rGO@δ‐MnO2 Nanoflower: An Efficient Catalyst for Aerobic Solvent‐Free N‐Alkylation Reactions and Energy Storage Material

“…As shown in Figure c, all spectra have common typical bands in the region, 1750 cm −1 –1050 cm −1 and 690 cm −1 –300 cm −1 . In the region 1750 cm −1 ‐ 1050 cm −1 , two typical broad bands, namely G band and D band appeared which are ascribed to the presence of rGO in the as‐prepared material . There are five bands which appear in the region 690 cm −1 –300 cm −1 .…”

Recent Progress on Graphene/Polyaniline Composites for High-performance Supercapacitors

“…The hollow PANI@GO spheres were obtained after etching the SiO 2 . Finally, G@PANI@G hollow spheres were prepared after repeatedly wrapping and a reduction process (Figure 2b) [21]. The hollow sandwiched composite electrode exhibited a high capacitance of 682.75 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and a good cycling stability (87.6% after 10,000 cycles).…”

“…( a ) Schematic for preparing G-mPANI hybrid material by using SiO 2 template; produced with permission [21]. Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society.…”