A high-output-swing 64-Gb/s PAM-4 transmitter with a 4-tap hybrid FFE in 28-nm CMOS
Hua Xu,
Xuqiang Zheng,
Zedong Wang
et al.
Abstract:This article presents a high-output-swing 64-Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) transmitter, in which a 4-tap hybrid feed-forward equalizer (FFE) employing both fractionally-spaced preemphasis (FS-PE) and baud-spaced de-emphasis (BS-DE) is proposed. The PE technique enlarges the output swing by directly stacking pre-distortion pulses, and naturally consumes less power as it boosts only the desired symbols. The FS-based pre/post1 taps equalize the high-frequency loss, provide a wide compensation… Show more
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