Abstract:The development of the shale resources faces many problems related to their complex structure and challenging conditions. Drilling and fracturing operations suffer from the swelling tendency of clays and shale formations. The expansion mechanisms of clays have been discussed in detail in the literature and several theories have been developed to predict the swelling in shales. The crystalline (interlayer), double-layer, and the layers breakage/formation swelling mechanisms are the mechanisms that are the most … Show more
Set email alert for when this publication receives citations?
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.