A High-Efficiency Reconfigurable Element for Dynamic Metasurface Antenna

Lin, Mingtuan; Huang, Xianjun; Deng, Ben; Zhang, Jihong; Guan, Dong‐Fang; Yu, Dingwang; Qin, Yujian

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2994051

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although much research interest has been laid in recent years towards sensing and imaging applications of DMAs, however, a promising higher mmWave hardware-level design of DMA to serve as a high-performance beam-steering antenna array for the wireless communication domain is highly desirable and is still in its infancy. Quite a few DMA prototypes have been reported for CSI applications in the microwave band up to 30 GHz, such as around X-band (8 to 12 GHz) [30]- [32], 23.5 GHz [33], and 27 GHz [34], using conventional rectangular CELC resonators. Nevertheless, owing to very small dimensions at higher mmWave bands, the DMA design along with integrated RF feed, biasing circuitry, and controllable hardware becomes immensely challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

60 GHz Programmable Dynamic Metasurface Antenna (DMA) for Next-Generation Communication, Sensing, and Imaging Applications: From Concept to Prototype

Jabbar,

Elsayed,

Ur Rehman Kazim

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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In this paper, for the first time we present the complete design of a dynamic metasurface antenna (DMA) array at the 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. First, a novel complementary electric inductive-capacitive (CELC) metamaterial element (unlike conventional rectangular CELC) is designed to resonate around 60.5 GHz. The proposed CELC meta-element in its resonance state manifests dispersive characteristics and exhibits significant left-handed metamaterial properties such as negative group refractive index, negative effective permittivity, and negative group velocity, which are thoroughly elucidated. A low-loss V-band planar substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) structure is designed at dominant TE10 to excite the CELC meta-element by an in-plane magnetic field. Two PIN diodes are loaded in the small capacitive gap between the CELC meta-element and the SIW structure. The switching state of the PIN diodes readily renders the meta-element either radiating or non-radiating. The difference between radiating and non-radiating states is more than 11 dB. Consequently, a fully addressable digital tunable DMA element is formed. Then, a one-dimensional DMA is designed by embedding 16 such meta-elements into the upper conducting wall of the edge-fed SIW structure for electronic steering with high gain, high radiation efficiency, and low side lobe levels. The radiation state of each CELC meta-element is dynamically controlled through a high-speed field programmable gate array (FPGA). The DC biasing network for PIN diodes at such high frequency is meticulously designed and integrated using 4-layer standard printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The parallelized biasing network of PIN diodes through a high-speed FPGA enables agile dynamic control over the radiation pattern of the entire digitally coded metasurface aperture. Versatile beam synthesis (such as narrow beams, wide beams, and multiple beams) is achieved based on different digital coding combinations. The prototypes of the single DMA element and 16-element 1dimensional DMA array are fabricated and verified through practical measurements. Simulated and measured results show good agreement. The beam-switching agility is quantified and observed to be within 5 ns, indicating significant promise for mmWave applications with ultra-low latency. The proposed DMA is a potential enabler to unfold a diverse range of next-generation mmWave wireless applications such as agile electronic beam-steering, adaptive beamforming and beam-shaping, holographic computational imaging, mmWave industrial wireless communication, cognitive radars, as well as integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).INDEX TERMS 60 GHz ISM band, adaptive beamforming, dynamic metasurface antenna, electronic beamsteering, holographic antenna, smart antenna, SIW.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

60 GHz Programmable Dynamic Metasurface Antenna (DMA) for Next-Generation Communication, Sensing, and Imaging Applications: From Concept to Prototype

Jabbar,

Elsayed,

Ur Rehman Kazim

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, antenna isolation is critical for reducing the coupling that reduces the efficiency of the multi-antenna framework, which is becoming increasingly important as the variety of antennas for each gadget for communication rises. Therefore, various methods of decoupling MM were discussed and compared in some works [ 28 , 29 ]. Dynamic meta surface antennas (DMA) allow beam steering with less hardware complexities than conventional phased arrays [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional metamaterials for wireless antenna applications – A review abetted with patent landscape analysis

Vetrichelvi,

Gowtham,

Balaji

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…[16][17][18] Insang Yoo and co-workers proposed a new tunable metamaterial element based on PIN diode, [19] and Lin et al designed a cavity-backed dynamic metasurface antenna with high efficiency, low ohmic loss operating at 12.5 GHz in 2020. [20] Smith's team presented the analysis of waveguide-fed metasurface antenna. [21][22][23] But the operating frequencies of aforementioned designs are around 10 GHz, and the passive fixed phase shifters and power dividers are difficult to integrate with the antenna fabricated on PCB, so it is not suitable for large-scale array applications and future wireless network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An End‐Fed Programmable Metasurface Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide for Novel Phased Array

et al. 2023

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A programmable metasurface antenna based on electrically tunable elements operating in 5G millimeter‐wave band, which has the features of low cost, easy manufacturing, low profile, easy integration with planar circuits, is proposed herein. The prototype consists of a 128‐element metasurface array, an 8‐channel beamforming chip as equal amplitude power divider networks, and a control network. Elements mounted with varactors to realize different states are controlled by DC bias signal from the back of a printed circuit board (PCB). By assigning different voltage values, array coding can be dynamically changed, thereby realizing beam steering. Both element dimensions and its location along substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) are optimized to better antenna performance. Experiment results show that the proposed metasurface can achieve not only the scanning range of ±70° for unidirectional beam in azimuth and ±40° in elevation but also ±50° for dual beam in azimuth. The whole prototype is fabricated based on PCB technologies, and good agreements among simulated and measured results are obtained. The proposed electrically tunable metasurface array is a good alternative to the traditional expensive phased array and has a great potential application prospect in radar and communication systems.

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A High-Efficiency Reconfigurable Element for Dynamic Metasurface Antenna

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

60 GHz Programmable Dynamic Metasurface Antenna (DMA) for Next-Generation Communication, Sensing, and Imaging Applications: From Concept to Prototype

60 GHz Programmable Dynamic Metasurface Antenna (DMA) for Next-Generation Communication, Sensing, and Imaging Applications: From Concept to Prototype

Functional metamaterials for wireless antenna applications – A review abetted with patent landscape analysis

An End‐Fed Programmable Metasurface Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide for Novel Phased Array

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