A high-efficiency actuator with great photoinduced force based on a bioinspired gradient design

Abstract

Owing to the remote activation, spatiotemporal control and local response, photo-driven actuators have attracted great attentions in diverse potential applications. However, actuators always suffer from weak deformation force or low-efficiency...

Light and solvent-driven actuator of clay and vanadium pentoxide nanosheets

“…For example, Liu et al developed a high-efficiency actuator with great photo-induced force through gradient design of the components, silver nanowires in poly(ethylene- co -vinyl acetate) elastomers. 19 A photo-thermal Marangoni-driven triboelectric nano-generator was designed by Liu et al by utilizing black silicon to propel relative motions between the triboelectric layer and the electrode. 24 An integrated multi-functional light-driven actuator with temperature sensitivity was designed by Xiao et al using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a methylcellulose nano-composite.…”

“…To facilitate fast, accurate, and specific responsiveness in artificially intelligent systems such as artificial muscles, soft robots, actuators, and programmable devices, researchers are working on developing responsive materials with explicit characteristics tailored to specific applications. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Among these materials, light-driven actuators are particularly significant due to their potential for futuristic engineering applications, such as contactless operations, remote activation, and targeted response. 23 Moreover, as a clean and sustainable stimulus, light offers tremendous flexibility and convenience in performing complicated tasks contact-free.…”

Quantized energy harvesting in vibrating maglev graphite driven by terahertz waves

“…Electromagnetic wave-driven micro-nano motors have important applications in micro-nano-mechanical systems and energytransfer systems because they have the advantages of remote control, no waste, and fast conversion. [1][2][3] At present, most research on light-driven micro-nano motors focuses on the driving source of optical pressure or optical momentum, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] photothermal materials, [14][15][16][17] photothermal-magnetic materials, 18,19 hyperbolic metamaterials, 20 light-driven actuating materials, 21 bioinspired gradient design, 22 photocatalytic driving, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] etc. However, the motion of micro-nano motors is susceptible to external parameters.…”