“…Sandell et al [1978], Stephanopoulos and Ng [2000], Venkat et al [2005]). Various applications of hierarchical and decentralised control arise in process systems engineering (Morari et al [1980], Stephanopoulos and Ng [2000]), mechanical and power systems (Delaleau and Stanković [2004]), aeronautics (Tolani et al [2004], Li et al [2002]), traffic control (Shimizu et al [1995]) and large-scale systems control (N.R. Sandell et al [1978], Roberts and Becerra [2001]).…”