A hierarchical theory of macroecology

Passy, Sophia I.

doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01809.x

Cited by 56 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The decrease in size of many taxa in metal-contaminated environments has already been observed (Cattaneo et al 1998(Cattaneo et al , 2004Morin and Coste 2006;Luís et al 2011). Moreover, it is known that in algae, there is a positive richness-body size relationship (Passy 2012), which agrees with our results. Total diatom sample biovolume, a parameter dependant on both diatom abundances and cell size, decreased in several cases, such as A. pellucida, N. dissipata spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The use of different trophic levels, e.g., fish and biofilm together, give complementary results (e.g., Griffith et al 2005;Passy 2012) and may interact to modify expected toxicity (Magellan et al 2014). Fish are highly sensitive to small environmental changes, and arsenic is considered to be one of the most toxic elements to them (Bhattacharya et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-term arsenic exposure reduces diatom cell size in biofilm communities

Barral-Fraga

Morin²,

Rovira

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Arsenic (As) pollution in water has important impacts for human and ecosystem health. In freshwaters, arsenate (As(V)) can be taken up by microalgae due to its similarity with phosphate molecules, its toxicity being aggravated under phosphate depletion. An experiment combining ecological and ecotoxicological descriptors was conducted to investigate the effects of As(V) (130 μg L(-1) over 13 days) on the structure and function of fluvial biofilm under phosphate-limiting conditions. We further incorporated fish (Gambusia holbrooki) into our experimental system, expecting fish to provide more available phosphate for algae and, consequently, protecting algae against As toxicity. However, this protection role was not fully achieved. Arsenic inhibited algal growth and productivity but not bacteria. The diatom community was clearly affected showing a strong reduction in cell biovolume; selection for tolerant species, in particular Achnanthidium minutissimum; and a reduction in species richness. Our results have important implications for risk assessment, as the experimental As concentration used was lower than acute toxicity criteria established by the USEPA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term arsenic exposure reduces diatom cell size in biofilm communities

Barral-Fraga

Morin²,

Rovira

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…When trying to reveal mechanisms behind the positive occupancy–abundance relationship, researchers have studied if and how species characteristics (e.g. biological traits, ecological preferences and phylogeny) are associated with variation in abundances and distributions of species (Heino & Tolonen, ; Passy, ; Rocha et al., ; Verberk, van Noordwijk, & Hildrew, ; Verberk et al., ; White, Ernest, Kerkhoff, & Enquist, ). The connections among species characteristics, abundances and distributions have traditionally been addressed using sites as data points and observing how these variables vary in space, that is, in a community ecology perspective (Heino & Tolonen, ; Verberk et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using traits to explain interspecific variation in diatom occupancy and abundance across lakes and streams

Vilmi

Karjalainen

Wang

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To discover how biological traits, ecological preferences and taxonomic relatedness are associated with occupancy and abundance of diatom species across lakes and streams. Location Finland. Taxon Diatoms. Methods We studied 288 diatom species from 492 stream sites and 230 diatom species from 290 lake sites. For each species, we calculated logit‐transformed regional occupancy and log‐transformed mean local abundance, and further determined biological traits, ecological preferences and taxonomic levels for each species. Boosted regression tree (BRT) analysis was used to reveal the linear and nonlinear associations of biological, ecological and taxonomic predictors with occupancy or abundance of lake and stream diatoms. Results There were strong and positive interspecific occupancy–abundance relationships across both lakes and streams. The BRT models explained more deviances in variation in occupancy and abundance and their relationship for lakes than streams. Biological traits, especially cell size, but also life‐form and guild, were the strongest predictors of diatom occupancy and abundance in lakes and streams when controlling for ecological preferences and taxonomic relatedness. Main conclusions In general, biological traits were the strongest predictors of occupancy and abundance in both freshwater systems. Species with similar biological traits thus tended to show similar occupancies and abundances. As indicated by lower explained deviances, occupancy and abundance in streams seemed to be more complexly structured than in lakes, suggesting that these two freshwater system types differ in the formation of biodiversity patterns. This difference may be related to the differences in hydrological connectedness between lakes and streams. Understanding how variations in species’ occupancy and abundance are formed across various waterbodies is important for meaningful biodiversity conservation.

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“…Although the two measures of occupancy we used – number of occurrences and geographic extent – are commonly used (e.g. Passy, ), they measure different attributes of distribution. Occurrence (number of sites occupied) can be akin to a density or concentration of occupation, whereas geographic extent describes the degree or range of dispersion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All tests were considered significant at P < 0.05, and all analyses were conducted separately for spring and summer collections, using the statistical packages Systat ® (San Jose, CA, USA), Minitab ® (State College, PA, USA), and Primer ® (Plymouth, UK). When examining the abundance–occupancy relationship, the selection of a response variable depends on assumptions of causality and scale; each variable has been treated as a response or predictor variable in previous studies (Heino, , ; Borregaard & Rahbek, ; Verberk et al ., ; Passy, ). From a meta‐community perspective, increases in density are predicted to increase dispersal (Passy, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Abundance–occupancy relationships of larval black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in temperate Nearctic streams

McCreadie

Adler

2014

Insect Conserv Diversity

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This study examines abundance–occupancy relationships of larval black flies in temperate streams of the south‐eastern United States. It is the first study of abundance–occupancy relationships in lotic macro‐invertebrate assemblages to focus on a single family. We address the following questions: (i) Do larval black flies show a strong inter‐specific abundance–occupancy relationship? (ii) Do widespread and abundant species demonstrate greater niche breadth (NB) or niche position (NP) than do species with limited distributions and low local abundances? (iii) Does the abundance–occupancy relationship change between habitat generalists and specialists? Species abundance was measured as the total mean relative abundance over all sites. Three measures of occupancy were used: occurrence (number of sites occupied), latitudinal extent of occupancy, and longitudinal extent of occupancy. Niche‐based indices (breadth and position) were expressed as multivariate indices of habitat variables, reflecting variation in the niche of a species, as opposed to a simple range. Non‐ecological factors (sampling, analytical artefacts, phylogenetic non‐independence) accounted for our results and, accordingly, we focus on ecological explanations of inter‐specific abundance–occupancy relationships, grounded in niche and meta‐population theory. When occupancy was measured as the number of sites at which a species occurred, a strong inter‐specific abundance–occupancy relationship was found. Niche‐based indices did not have a significant influence on shaping this relationship. When occupancy was measured as geographic extent, the abundance–occupancy relationship was weak or non‐significant, although niche‐based indices had a significant effect on occupancy. No evidence supported the notion that meta‐population dynamics influence abundance–occupancy relationships. Abundance–occupancy relationship is a summation of individual species traits, a point that often receives little attention.

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A hierarchical theory of macroecology

Cited by 56 publications

References 84 publications

Short-term arsenic exposure reduces diatom cell size in biofilm communities

Short-term arsenic exposure reduces diatom cell size in biofilm communities

Using traits to explain interspecific variation in diatom occupancy and abundance across lakes and streams

Abundance–occupancy relationships of larval black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in temperate Nearctic streams

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