A Hierarchical Self-Regulation Control for Economic Operation of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid With Hydrogen Energy Storage System

Abstract

The introduction of hydrogen energy storage system (HESS) as a potential form of energy storage systems (ESSs) has a significant impact on original control and operation. This paper presents a hierarchical self-regulation control method, which can be divided into the supervisory layer and local layer control. The supervisory layer control decides the output power of ESSs, according to the operation cost function so that the system can reach economic optimum during the operation process. The local layer control adopts virtual inertia control with global power support to improve system stability. First, a HESS model composed of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, and the fuel cell is established. SOCH of hydrogen tank is defined to express produced and consumed hydrogen. Then, aiming at supervisory layer control, operation cost functions of battery energy storage system (BESS) and HESS under different operation modes are built. Virtual inertia of ac ESS and virtual capacitance of dc ESS are introduced for local layer control. Finally, the simulation results based on the RT-LAB platform of both 24-h operation case and step power change case verify the correctness of the proposed method. The comparison with only droop control method shows that the proposed method can achieve the lowest operation cost and improve system inertia. INDEX TERMS AC/DC microgrid, hydrogen energy storage system (HESS), hierarchical control.

Sector coupling via hydrogen to lower the cost of energy system decarbonization

“…Some of the studies in this area focus on: 1) comparing the cost-effectiveness of P2G2P with other types of long-duration energy storage options like pumped hydro and compressed air energy storage for variable renewable energy (VRE) integration, from a marginal deployment perspective (i.e. electricity price taker) [9][10][11] , 2) assessing least-cost investment and operation of H 2 storage and shortduration energy storage like lithium-ion batteries in the context of a VRE dominant power systems [11][12][13][14] , and 3) the operational scheduling of H 2 storage in power markets 15,16 . Although these studies provide useful insights to compare different energy storage technologies from the perspective of the power sector, they overlook the multiple potential uses of H 2 (or H 2 derived carriers) outside the power sector and the associated cost-savings resulting from sharing infrastructure costs across these uses.…”

Stochastic Optimization of Microgrid Operation With Renewable Generation and Energy Storages

“…The power injected and withdrawn must be balanced at all time (12). The objective is to minimize the cost of dispatchable generation, net import and load shedding (13).…”

Stochastic Optimization of Microgrid Operation With Renewable Generation and Energy Storage

“…3) Rule-based model: Rule-based models [11]- [13] uses a fixed priority for generators and EES to decide where to withdraw lacking or inject surplus energy. Given an arbitrary EES e with charge/discharge efficiency η c e /η d e and SMV CE e , then the cost of discharging one unit will be CEe η d e , hereby referred as discharge cost.…”

“…Rule-based energy management has been successfully applied for managing DER, both for experimental systems [11]- [13] and virtual systems [14], [15]. These rule-based methods charge/discharge the respective EES based on fixed SOC thresholds and predefined priorities, and their computational performance makes them well suited for integration in a realtime environment.…”