A Hidden Markov Model-Based Tagging Approach for Arabic Isnads of Hadiths

Abstract

Hadith judgment implies checking the validity of Hadith to decide whether it is correct (trustworthy) or false (bogus). “Matn” and “Isnad” are the main constituents of Hadith; “Matn” is the sayings of the prophet, whereas “Isnad” represents the narrators’ series. The first step of Hadith judgment is the extraction of narrators’ names, after that, the rules of judgment, which were set out by Hadith’s scientists, could be implemented, three of these rules are particularly related to the narrators’ series, and these rules are continuity of the transmission chain, the trustworthiness of the narrators, and the preciseness of the narrators. Therefore, to check the authenticity of Hadiths, the three conditions must be satisfied, and to do so, the narrators’ names must be extracted first. Isnad contains many words and phrases called “Isnad-Phrases”; these phrases have many types or categories called part of Isnads (POIs) like Narrator-Name, Prophet-Name, and Received-Method. A lot of computational research studies suggest serving Hadith sciences by extracting the narrators’ names and other POIs using various approaches. This study presents a new hybrid approach founded on the hidden Markov model (HMM) and gazetteer lists to process “Isnad.” The approach objective is to expect all POIs in the Isnad including narrators’ names. The experiments carried on 1,000 Hadiths from “Sahih Muslim”: 900 Hadiths as training dataset and 100 Hadiths as testing dataset, and the results show a noteworthy accuracy for the proposed hybrid approach.

Multi-IsnadSet MIS for Sahih Muslim Hadith with chain of narrators, based on multiple ISNAD

“… Multi-IsnadSet is created for future research on the public repository for all the Research Institutes, Scientific and Islamic communities who want to work on Multi-ISNAD of Hadith including classification of Hadiths (Sahih=perfection in the Sanad/Dhaif=imperfection in the Sanad) [ 3 ], and narrators (trustworthy/not) [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] ]. The data can be used to build Hadith software tools for establishing social networks or graph neural network and it can become an imported source for information interaction and mapping high level relationships [ [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] ] …”

“…Multi-IsnadSet is created for future research on the public repository for all the Research Institutes, Scientific and Islamic communities who want to work on Multi-ISNAD of Hadith including classification of Hadiths (Sahih=perfection in the Sanad/Dhaif=imperfection in the Sanad) [ 3 ], and narrators (trustworthy/not) [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] ].…”