“…Most of these studies, however, have focussed on woody species, with fewer investigating the anatomical drivers of embolism resistance in the stems of herbs (Lens et al, 2022). Recent studies assessing the embolism resistance in the stems of herbaceous eudicots have found that greater embolism resistance is linked to increased woodiness (Dória et al, 2019; Lens et al, 2016; Thonglim et al, 2021; Tixier et al, 2013), thus conferring higher drought resistance in herbs (Johnson & Fletcher, 2023; Thonglim et al, 2023). In these studies, the degree of stem woodiness is described as the proportion of lignified area (i.e., primary xylem, secondary xylem, and fibres) per total stem area.…”