A Health Care Facility Allocation Model for Expanding Cities in Developing Nations: Strategizing Urban Health Policy Implementation

Basu, Rounaq; Jana, Arnab; Bardhan, Ronita

doi:10.1007/s12061-016-9208-0

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Such rapid population growth is often accompanied by a shortage in health resources and poor public transport services ( Tanser et al, 2006 ). In particular, spatial inequality in accessibility to hospitals between deprived neighborhoods and other neighborhoods has become a key issue ( Basu et al, 2018 ; Zhao, 2015 ; Zhao et al, 2009 ; Zhao and Lu, 2010 ). For example, in China, there is a mismatch between the health care demand and supply in rapid urbanization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unequable spatial accessibility to hospitals in developing megacities: New evidence from Beijing

Zhao

Liu

2020

Health & Place

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The increasing inequality in spatial accessibility to hospitals in developing countries has been attracting attention from researchers and politicians. The situation seems to be worse in growing megacities where more than 10 million people live and rapid urban sprawl has caused serious problems with the supply of health and public transport services. The recent global COVID-19 pandemic calls for particular attention to be afforded to the matter of equal access to basic medical facilities and services for people across different neighborhoods. Although some studies have already been undertaken into the subject of health-focused inequality in the cities of developing countries, the spatial inequity in hospital accessibility has rarely been discussed to date. In this paper, I aim to provide new evidence by considering Beijing as a case study. With the results of my analysis, I show that low-income neighborhoods have experienced lower levels of accessibility not only to high-tier hospitals (secondary and tertiary hospitals) but also to primary healthcare services (primary hospital and neighborhood clinics). The rate at which high-income neighborhoods access secondary and tertiary hospitals is approximately 4 times and 1.5 times as high as that of low-income neighborhoods. Low-income face nearly twice the travel time of those from high-income neighborhoods to reach the nearest primary hospital or neighborhood clinics. Suburban neighborhoods have less access to medical services than neighborhoods that are located in the central urban areas. It seems that the rapid urban sprawl has been worsening spatial inequality in the context of access to medical services in the growing megacity of Beijing. Equal access to healthcare services should be prioritized in future policy discussions, especially in relation to the urban growth management of megacities in developing countries in order to ensure that fair and inclusive urbanization processes are undertaken. Equal access to healthcare services would also be widely beneficial in the context of managing the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unequable spatial accessibility to hospitals in developing megacities: New evidence from Beijing

Zhao

Liu

2020

Health & Place

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“…However, the roads tend to be the boundaries of many of our zones, which is why we choose to count entry points, comprising nodes from the road network and public transit stops, close to each postcode (which is where buildings are located) as our measure of transport network density. We assume the service area of each postcode to be 500 meters, because this represents how far people are willing to walk from urban activity centers at the postcodes to the entry points of the transport network (Basu et al 2018b).…”

Section: Population Allocation Through Density-matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

framework to generate virtual cities as sandboxes for land use-transport interaction models

Basu¹,

Ponce‐Lopez²,

Ferreira³

2021

JTLU

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One of the major critiques of land use-transport interaction (LUTI) models over the ages has been their over-dependence on individualized software and context. In an effort to address some of these concerns, this study proposes a framework to construct "virtual cities" that can act as sandboxes for testing different features of a LUTI model, as well as provide the capability to compare different LUTI models. We develop an approach to translate any prototypical transportation infrastructure network into a plausible land use zoning plan and synthetic population that are suitable for spatially detailed LUTI microsimulation of the virtual city. Disaggregate units of spatial geometry, like parcels and post codes, are generated using geospatial techniques applied to the transportation network. Households and jobs are randomly sampled from an actual city, and allocated in the virtual city based on matching density gradients. Students are matched with schools and workers are matched with jobs to complete the calibration of a synthetic population for the virtual city. Following the adjustment of behavioral models to complement the reduced scale of the virtual city, we demonstrate the integration between the land use and transportation simulation components in our LUTI model, SimMobility. The benefits of faster convergence times and shorter simulation times are clearly demonstrated through this exercise. We hope that this study, and the open-source releases of the SimMobility software with the virtual city database, can accelerate experimentation with LUTI models and aid the transition from individualized LUTI models to a common shared integrated urban modeling platform.

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“…Considering a brownfield region with rapidly expanding periurban areas, Basu et al (2016) proposed a health care facility allocation model keeping national health care policy guidelines and constraints in mind. A more generalizable integrated framework was proposed later by Basu et al (2017) for determining optimal locations of emergency response facilities with applicability for both greenfield and brownfield urban regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinch Analysis as a Quantitative Decision Framework for Determining Gaps in Health Care Delivery Systems

Basu

Jana

Bardhan

et al. 2017

Process Integr Optim Sustain

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With Bgood health and well-being^being set as one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG), this paper proposes the application of pinch analysis, a quantitative method originally applied to conserve scarce resources in source-demand allocation networks, for identifying gaps in health care service delivery. This method is also found to be useful for health care infrastructure capacity planning and policy testing. The major contribution of this method in this context is identification of marginalized sections and testing specific policies targeted towards them, which will justify release of financial aid and infrastructure development for appropriate sections. We explored this concept for investigating the inpatient health care delivery system in the context of developing nations, where the health care facilities (both public and private) thrive by offering services at drastically different prices. A novel framework is developed in this paper, supported by a case study of Kolkata, India where both the gaps and surplus in the health care services faced by different sections of population are identified. In order to offset these gaps, we offer recommendations for possible policy implementation. A few hypothetical scenarios are also examined in order to understand the importance of pinch analysis for policy testing. We conclude by proving that pinch analysis can be a robust integrated decision-making framework for the health care sector, especially in resource-constrained communities.

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A Health Care Facility Allocation Model for Expanding Cities in Developing Nations: Strategizing Urban Health Policy Implementation

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Unequable spatial accessibility to hospitals in developing megacities: New evidence from Beijing

Unequable spatial accessibility to hospitals in developing megacities: New evidence from Beijing

framework to generate virtual cities as sandboxes for land use-transport interaction models

Pinch Analysis as a Quantitative Decision Framework for Determining Gaps in Health Care Delivery Systems

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