A ‘Head and Hooves’ Burial beneath a Round Barrow, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age Sites, on Hemp Knoll, near Avebury, Wiltshire

Robertson-Mackay, M. E.

doi:10.1017/s0079497x0000935x

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The bulk of these come from the full Early Bronze Age, both in Britain and on the continent (Ashbee i960; Glob 1974; note also 'head and hoof burials, including in Beaker contexts (Piggott 1962;Robertson-Mackay 1980;Ashbee 1978)). The bulk of these come from the full Early Bronze Age, both in Britain and on the continent (Ashbee i960; Glob 1974; note also 'head and hoof burials, including in Beaker contexts (Piggott 1962;Robertson-Mackay 1980;Ashbee 1978)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excavations in the Neolithic and Bronze Age Complex at Dorchester-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, 1947–1952 and 1981

Whittle

Atkinson²,

Chambers

et al. 1992

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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OXI 2EP4 City of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, Queen's Road, Bristol B S 8 I R L M3 THE PREHISTORIC SOCIETY to the excavation of further surviving parts of the complex: site i, a long D-shaped enclosure incorporated in the southern end of the cursus, and sites 2, 3 and 4.Both sets of sites are presented together, largely following the chronological scheme proposed for the complex by Bradley and Chambers (1988). Site VIII and site 1 are long enclosures of Earlier Neolithic date, with human remains. The latter site has a calibrated date of 3773-3378 BC. Site III is a cursus at least 1600 m long which cuts site VIII and incorporates site 1. A date of 3 3 60-3 040 BC was obtained from the primary fill of its ditch. Site XI is a three-phase ring ditch, perhaps successive enlargements of a barrow, but its innermost ditch is cut by a pit circle with cremations. There are Ebbsfleet sherds in the outermost ditch, and dates of 3037-2788 and 3024-2908 BC from the innermost, perhaps primary, ditch. Site XIV is a ring ditch succeeded by the Big Rings henge. Site 3 is a post circle between the ditches of the southern part of the cursus, with some secondary cremations. It has dates from the outer wood of its posts of 2890-2499, 2886-2491 and 2872-2470 BC; dates on charcoal associated with secondary cremations we're 2880-2470, 2870-2460 and 2123-1740 BC. Site 2 is a penannular ring ditch with a primary date of 2912-2705 BC, and secondary cremations. Site XII is a notable Beaker burial within a two-phase ring ditch. An adult man was laid crouched on a bier and was accompanied by a fine W/MR beaker, a stone bracer, a tanged copper knife and a small riveted knife with at least one rivet of tin bronze. Traces of a stretcher-like feature were found in an adjacent pit which cuts the inner ring ditch. Site XIII, the Big Rings, is a large double ditched enclosure with central bank and opposed entrances. There was Beaker pottery in the primary fill of the inner ditch, but very little material was found in either ditch, and there were minimal features in the interior, part of which was stripped. Site 4 consists of two conjoined ring ditches within the southern end of the cursus. It encloses cremation burials. One, accompanied by an awl and Collared Urn, has a date of 2290-1910 BC. Traces of a ditched field system (originally referred to as a droveway, site IX) of later Bronze Age date were found cutting sites III, VIII and XIII, and paired ditches on site 1 may be related.The complex is related to its local and regional context, and the sequence of development is discussed. A timescale measured in generations is advocated, with phases of continuity and episodes of little activity both represented. Several aspects of monuments are considered: their differing scales including the monumental, their ability to endure and create tradition, and finally the choice of designs, from the locally customary to the exotic. 157

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excavations in the Neolithic and Bronze Age Complex at Dorchester-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, 1947–1952 and 1981

Whittle

Atkinson²,

Chambers

et al. 1992

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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“…The blocking of the West Kennet long barrow was completed (Thomas and Whittle 1986), and within or by the end of this phase both Avebury and Silbury Hill may largely have been abandoned. There was hardly any further deposition at Windmill Hill after Phase F. Beaker graves, as at Hemp Knoll (Table 1) (Robertson-Mackay 1980) or in probably secondary positions at the Sanctuary and West Kennet Avenue (Pollard forthcoming;Smith 1965a), are unlikely to fall before Phase F. Some, as at East Kennet (Kinnes 1978), could date after it, in the Early Bronze Age.…”

Section: Sequencementioning

confidence: 98%

THE NEOLITHIC of the AVEBURY AREA: SEQUENCE, ENVIRONMENT, SETTLEMENT and MONUMENTS

Whittle¹

1993

Oxford J Archaeology

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The implications are discussed of the first five seasons of a regional project to investigate the Neolithic sequence and environment, and the context in which monuments great and small were built, in the area around Avebury, north Wiltshire, England. A jve-phase local sequence is proposed. There was a varying mosaic of clearances, and settlement density may have been low. The episodic character of monument building stands out. With the exception of Silbury Hill, none of the monuments need indicate signijicant social ranking, and more attention can be given to their sacred character and to the tradition which produced them.

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“…The latter include discussions which focus in detail upon the identification of prehistoric artefacts, and how they can be situated in relation to broad typological sequences such as Clarke's Beaker classification system, and the Wilberton/Wallington scheme for later Bronze Age metalwork (eg, Needham 1980;Robertson-Mackay 1980). The latter include discussions which focus in detail upon the identification of prehistoric artefacts, and how they can be situated in relation to broad typological sequences such as Clarke's Beaker classification system, and the Wilberton/Wallington scheme for later Bronze Age metalwork (eg, Needham 1980;Robertson-Mackay 1980).…”

Section: Interpretative Themesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pursuing ‘the Pressure of the Past’: British Prehistoric Research, 1980–2010

Cooper

2012

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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This article presents a detailed analysis of developments in British prehistoric research practices from 1980–2010, traversing the period during which Planning Policy Guidance Note 16 (PPG16) was introduced and changed substantially the way that archaeology was carried out. Using evidence from Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society (PPS) itself together with key fieldwork records collated over the duration of this period, a consideration is made of changes in the character of prehistoric investigations, in the evidence base available to researchers, and in the methodologies drawn upon and interpretations put forward in significant outputs of British prehistoric research. Several major shifts in research practices are highlighted. The findings augment considerably broad claims which have been made about the changing character of British prehistoric research practices and reveal some perhaps surprising traits of the investigative process. PPS's own role within this broader research milieu is also assessed.

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A ‘Head and Hooves’ Burial beneath a Round Barrow, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age Sites, on Hemp Knoll, near Avebury, Wiltshire

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Excavations in the Neolithic and Bronze Age Complex at Dorchester-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, 1947–1952 and 1981

Excavations in the Neolithic and Bronze Age Complex at Dorchester-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, 1947–1952 and 1981

THE NEOLITHIC of the AVEBURY AREA: SEQUENCE, ENVIRONMENT, SETTLEMENT and MONUMENTS

Pursuing ‘the Pressure of the Past’: British Prehistoric Research, 1980–2010

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