A Hard X-Ray Pinhole Camera System for Fast Electron Bremsstrahlung Measurements in the HL-2A Tokamak

Zhang, Y. P.; Mazon, D.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, P. F.; Malard, P.; Xu, Huang; Zhou, J.; Peysson, Y.; Zou, X. L.; Yang, Jinwei; Yuan, Guoliang; Isobe, M.; Song, Xiao Yan; Li, X.; Liu, Yi; Shi, Z.B.; Xu, M.; Duan, Xuru

doi:10.1080/15361055.2020.1829457

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Alcator C mode [44] has installed a similar camera system with 32 chords. A relatively smaller machine like HL-2A, HT-7, J-TEXT, and FTU has installed 21, 10, 9 and 17 channels FEB system respectively to study the performance of LHCD and mentioned in the references [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. For the first time in ADITYA-U tokamak, an eleven-channel FEB detection system is designed to study FEB emission during LHCD and ECRH experiments.…”

Section: Sightline Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we report a detailed design of the multichannel FEB system for the ADITYA-U tokamak to study plasma discharges during the application of LHCD. In the initial stage, it is envisaged that the system consists of eleven channels that cover the poloidal plasma cross-section by a fan array camera geometry based on the FEB system installed on other tokamaks [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) detectors have been employed to register the FEB counts and to generate pulse height spectra during a plasma discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conceptual design of multichannel fast electron bremsstrahlung detection system to study fast electron dynamics during lower hybrid current drive in ADITYA-U tokamak

2023

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To drive plasma current non inductively, a Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) system with a passive-active multijunction (PAM) antenna for injecting lower hybrid wave (LHWs) has been designed, fabricated and to be integrated with ADITYA-U Tokamak. A fast electron population in the energy range of a few keV to several hundreds of keV is generated with the injection of the LHWs. These fast electrons interacting mainly with ions and electrons result in Hard X-Ray (HXR) emission called Fast Electron Bremsstrahlung acronym as FEB emission. A single channel FEB detection system is being used in the earlier experiment of LHCD in ADITYA-U tokamak. However, the single channel detection system can't provide a radial emissivity profile of HXR intensity distribution. In order to determine a radial emissivity profile, for the first time, a multichannel FEB detection system is designed for ADITYA-U tokamak. This paper describes the detailed conceptual design for the selection of suitable detectors, optimization of the collimators, shielding geometry, and low energy filtering cut-off. In the present design analysis, the soller collimator concept is considered over a simple pinhole camera system due to its several advantages. In order to optimize the multichannel FEB system parameters for the best possible performance, a forwarded modelling code has been used. The signal to background ratio at each detector location has been estimated for a few system parameters and reported herein.

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Section: Sightline Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design of multichannel fast electron bremsstrahlung detection system to study fast electron dynamics during lower hybrid current drive in ADITYA-U tokamak

2023

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“…Cheng et al developed a tangential HXR diagnostic array for the EXL-50 spherical tokamak device, which used a collimated square pinhole [8]. Zhang et al developed a pinhole camera system to diagnose the fast electron bremsstrahlung in the HL-2A tokamak, which used a pinhole with a bipolar cone structure [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a composite collimator for the hard X-ray camera in HL-2M tokamak

et al. 2023

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A new hard X-ray (HXR) camera is being designed for the HuanLiu-2M (HL-2M) tokamak to measure the spatial-temporal evolution of the fast electrons in the energy range of 20–200 keV during radio frequency (RF) drive or heating experiments. The new camera integrates 63 channels of independent detectors consisting of 63 lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillators (LYSO) coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). A composite collimator (pinhole + collimating tube) is designed for the HXR camera to arrange the 63 channels in a compact space and reduce background rays. This paper introduces the design of composite collimator and the calculation of geometric parameters of the pinhole and collimating tube. The geometric factor uniformity (GFU) and effective count rate (ECR) of the composite collimator were evaluated by Geant4 simulation for different pinhole inner wall thicknesses T 1. The results show that when the energy is 200 keV, GFU increases and ECR increases and then decreases when reducing T 1. The optimal T 1 is 2 mm, and the resulting GFU is 0.83 and ECR is 78.2% for 200 keV.

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Recent progress on the control and mitigation of runaway electrons and disruption prediction in the HL-2A and J-TEXT tokamaks

Zhang

Tong²,

Yang³

et al. 2023

Rev. Mod. Plasma Phys.

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A Hard X-Ray Pinhole Camera System for Fast Electron Bremsstrahlung Measurements in the HL-2A Tokamak

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Conceptual design of multichannel fast electron bremsstrahlung detection system to study fast electron dynamics during lower hybrid current drive in ADITYA-U tokamak

Conceptual design of multichannel fast electron bremsstrahlung detection system to study fast electron dynamics during lower hybrid current drive in ADITYA-U tokamak

Design of a composite collimator for the hard X-ray camera in HL-2M tokamak

Recent progress on the control and mitigation of runaway electrons and disruption prediction in the HL-2A and J-TEXT tokamaks

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