A handheld stamping process to fabricate microfluidic paper-based analytical devices with chemically modified surface for clinical assays

Introduction There is a significant interest in developing inexpensive portable biosensing platforms for various applications including disease diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and water testing at the point-of-care (POC) settings. Current diagnostic assays available in the developed world require sophisticated laboratory infrastructure and expensive reagents. Hence, they are not suitable for resource-constrained settings with limited financial resources, basic health infrastructure, and few trained technicians. Cellulose and flexible transparency paper-based analytical devices have demonstrated enormous potential for developing robust, inexpensive and portable devices for disease diagnostics. These devices offer promising solutions to disease management in resource-constrained settings where the vast majority of the population cannot afford expensive and highly sophisticated treatment options. Areas covered In this review, the authors describe currently developed cellulose and flexible transparency paper-based microfluidic devices, device fabrication techniques, and sensing technologies that are integrated with these devices. The authors also discuss the limitations and challenges associated with these devices and their potential in clinical settings. Expert commentary In recent years, cellulose and flexible transparency paper-based microfluidic devices have demonstrated the potential to become future healthcare options despite a few limitations such as low sensitivity and reproducibility.

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“…A hand-held and lightweight stamp has been developed for device fabrication [74]. Initially, the surface of native paper (n-paper) was oxidized.…”

Section: Fabrication Techniques Of μPadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paper-based analytical devices for clinical diagnosis: recent advances in the fabrication techniques and sensing mechanisms

Sher

Zhuang²,

Demirci³

et al. 2017

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics

217

157

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“…HRP catalyzes the oxidation of iodide to iodine by hydrogen peroxide, leading to a change from colorless to a visual brown color [59,60,62,86,87,88,89,90,91]. Garcia et al [62] proposed a production method of μPAD using a handheld metal stamp (Figure 1). The channel and barrier widths of the fabricated μPAD were 2.6 ± 0.1 and 1.4 ± 0.1 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Colorimetric Detection Of Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of μPADs, multiple conventional detection techniques, such as colorimetric detection [59,61,62,63,64], electrochemical detection [65,66,67,68], chemiluminescence (CL) [69,70,71,72,73], fluorescence [74,75,76,77], mass spectrum (MS) [78,79] and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) [80,81] have been applied to paper-based devices for rapid diagnostics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Glucose Detection

Liu

2016

Sensors

109

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Glucose, as an essential substance directly involved in metabolic processes, is closely related to the occurrence of various diseases such as glucose metabolism disorders and islet cell carcinoma. Therefore, it is crucial to develop sensitive, accurate, rapid, and cost effective methods for frequent and convenient detections of glucose. Microfluidic Paper-based Analytical Devices (μPADs) not only satisfying the above requirements but also occupying the advantages of portability and minimal sample consumption, have exhibited great potential in the field of glucose detection. This article reviews and summarizes the most recent improvements in glucose detection in two aspects of colorimetric and electrochemical μPADs. The progressive techniques for fabricating channels on μPADs are also emphasized in this article. With the growth of diabetes and other glucose indication diseases in the underdeveloped and developing countries, low-cost and reliably commercial μPADs for glucose detection will be in unprecedentedly demand.

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“…Although most of these methods involve the use of QD as optical probes in the form of aqueous dispersions, less attention has been paid to their use in solid platforms, such as paper-based devices. In this regard, it is important to point out that paper is inexpensive, ubiquitous, robust, can be easily patterned [5,6], chemically modified, and have intrinsic wicking properties [7] rendering it advantageous for chemical and biological analysis. In addition, small volumes of reagents are necessary, resulting further reductions in cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum dot-modified paper-based assay for glucose screening

et al. 2015

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A simple and inexpensive method to fabricate a colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots-modified paper-based assay for glucose is herein reported. The circular paper sheets were uniformly loaded and displayed strong fluorescence under a conventional hand-held UV lamp (365 nm). The assay is based on the use of glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx), which impregnated the paper sheets, producing H2O2 upon the reaction with the glucose contained in the samples. After 20 min of exposure, the fluorescence intensity changed due to the quenching caused by H2O2. To obtain a reading, the paper sheets were photographed under 365 nm excitation using a digital camera. Several parameters, including the amount of QD, sample pH, and amount of GOx were optimized to maximize the response to glucose. The paper-based assay showed a sigmoidal-shaped response with respect to the glucose concentration in the 5–200 mg·dL−1 range (limit of detection of 5 μg·dL−1), demonstrating their potential use for biomedical applications.

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A handheld stamping process to fabricate microfluidic paper-based analytical devices with chemically modified surface for clinical assays

Abstract: This paper describes the fast stamping of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices with chemically modified surface for improved colorimetric measurements.

Cited by 201 publications

References 52 publications

Paper-based analytical devices for clinical diagnosis: recent advances in the fabrication techniques and sensing mechanisms

Paper-based analytical devices for clinical diagnosis: recent advances in the fabrication techniques and sensing mechanisms

A Review on Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Glucose Detection

Quantum dot-modified paper-based assay for glucose screening

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