A Handheld Olfactory Display For Smell-Enabled VR Games

Niedenthal, Simon; Lundén, Peter; Ehrndal, Marie; Olofsson, Jonas

doi:10.1109/isoen.2019.8823162

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Of particular interest is the development of digital olfactory technologies that enable online monitoring of olfactory performance and adjusting difficulty levels along with performance gains etc. (see Niedenthal et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Smell-Based Memory Training: Evidence of Olfactory Learning and Transfer to the Visual Domain

et al. 2020

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Abstract Human and non-human animal research converge to suggest that the sense of smell, olfaction, has a high level of plasticity and is intimately associated with visual-spatial orientation and memory encoding networks. We investigated whether olfactory memory training would lead to transfer to an untrained visual memory task, as well as untrained olfactory tasks. We devised a memory intervention to compare transfer effects generated by olfactory and non-olfactory (visual) memory training. Adult participants were randomly assigned to daily memory training for about 40 days with either olfactory or visual tasks, that had a similar difficulty level. Results showed that while visual training did not produce transfer to the olfactory memory task, olfactory training produced transfer to the untrained visual memory task. Olfactory training also improved participants’ performance on odor discrimination and naming tasks, such that they reached the same performance level as a high-performing group of wine professionals. Our results indicate that the olfactory system is highly responsive to training, and we speculate that the sense of smell may facilitate transfer of learning to other sensory domains. Further research is however needed in order to replicate and extend our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Smell-Based Memory Training: Evidence of Olfactory Learning and Transfer to the Visual Domain

et al. 2020

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“…Congruent versus incongruent correspondence of different sensory stimuli is an important part of multisensory interactions. This kind of correspondence is well established to modulate human performance, in that congruent correspondence usually enhances performance ( Heilig, 1962 ; Herz & Cupchik, 1995 ; Rihm et al., 2014 ; Schredl et al., 2014 ; Seo & Hummel, 2011 ; Seo et al., 2010 , 2014 ) while incongruent impairs it ( Niedenthal et al., 2019 ; Streeter & White, 2011 ). Congruent versus incongruent design is also used in VR studies on odor effects ( Carulli et al., 2016 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Smells Influence Perceived Pleasantness but Not Memorization of a Visual Virtual Environment

et al. 2021

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The present study aimed to investigate whether the perception of still scenes in a virtual environment in congruent versus incongruent condition can be influenced by odors. Ninety healthy participants were divided into three groups, including two experimental virtual reality (VR) environments: a rose garden, an orange basket, and a control condition. In each VR condition, participants were exposed to a rose odor, an orange odor, or no odor, resulting in congruent, incongruent, and control conditions. Participants were asked to describe (a) the content of the VR scene and rate its overall pleasantness and (b) the smell and to rate its intensity and pleasantness. For each condition, participants were tested twice. During the second test, participants provided ratings and descriptions of the content of the VR scenes without being exposed to odors or VR environments. Virtual scenarios tended to be remembered as more pleasant when presented with congruent odors. Furthermore, participants used more descriptors in congruent scenarios than in incongruent scenarios. Eventually, rose odor appeared to be remembered as more pleasant when presented within congruent scenarios. These findings show that olfactory stimuli in congruent versus incongruent conditions can possibly modulate the perception of the pleasantness of visual scenes but not the memorization.

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“…The Exerscent device demonstrates the potential of novel platforms in conducting olfactory research. It fills a gap between manual olfactory testing methods and the sophisticated olfactometers used in laboratory research (Ischer et al, 2014;Lundström et al, 2010;Niedenthal et al, 2019). As a computational platform, our device offers "an infrastructure that supports the design and use of particular applications" (Gillespie, 2010 p.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for computerized olfactory assessment and training outside of laboratory or clinical settings

Niedenthal¹,

Nilsson²,

Jernsäther³

et al. 2020

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There are currently few ways to reliably and objectively assess olfaction outside of the research laboratory or clinic. Smell training is a promising method for olfactory rehabilitation at home, but further methodological advances might enhance itseffectiveness and range of use. Here we present Exerscent, a portable, low-cost olfactory display designed primarily for uses outside of the laboratory and that can be operated witha personal computer. Exerscent includes RFID tags that are attached to odor stimuli using a sensor box that encodes the odor in order to provide adaptive challenges for the user(e.g. an odor identification task). Hardware parts are commercially available or 3D printed. Instructions and code for building the Exerscent is freely available online(https://osf.io/kwftm/). As a proof of concept, we present a case study in which a participant trained daily to identify 54 odors, improving from 81% to 96% accuracy over 16 consecutive days. Exerscent may be primarily used for olfactory skills development (e.g. perfumery, enology), and rehabilitation purposes (e.g. postviral olfactory loss), butit also allows for other forms of technological interactions such as olfactory-based recreational interactions. We discuss how Exerscent and similar methods might enablewidespread, networked olfactory research in a variety of settings, including homes, elder care facilities and schools.

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A Handheld Olfactory Display For Smell-Enabled VR Games

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Smell-Based Memory Training: Evidence of Olfactory Learning and Transfer to the Visual Domain

Smell-Based Memory Training: Evidence of Olfactory Learning and Transfer to the Visual Domain

Smells Influence Perceived Pleasantness but Not Memorization of a Visual Virtual Environment

A method for computerized olfactory assessment and training outside of laboratory or clinical settings

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