A Handbook for Determining the Sources of PCB Contamination in Sediments

Oh, Battelle Memorial Inst Columbus

doi:10.21236/ada607839

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…About a month later, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences submitted their applications about nitrogen doped SnO 2 /graphene anode which also showed excellent electronic properties [17]. The applications of other countries are also focused on the composite comprised with graphene and traditional anode materials like Sn, Ti, transition metals, Si and carbon polymer meterials [18][19][20][21]. Besides these materials, people also actively seek of other possible graphene-based anode.…”

Section: Patent Map On Graphene-based Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patent Analysis on Graphene Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Liu

Zhang

You

et al. 2012

AMM

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Graphene is one of the most promising new electrochemical materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its superior electronic properties. In this work, we describe the patent map on graphene-based LIBs. We discuss the time-line for the amount of patent applications on LIBs, the nation and applicant distribution of the patent applications. We analysis the technology distribution in this field, which shows that applications about graphene-based cathode increase really fast. According to the analyse result, the Chinese patents have occupied the leading position in this new field but the applications are mostly submitted by colleges and research institutes, which suggests that few inventions have been implemented. In order to hold the market trends and improve competitiveness, it is necessary to keep eyes on worldwide patent application situations and build effective patent strategy, therefore, we also raise some advices and countermeasures about the graphene-based LIBs.

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Section: Patent Map On Graphene-based Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patent Analysis on Graphene Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Liu

Zhang

You

et al. 2012

AMM

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“…Background characterization can help managers set achievable management goals by accounting for site-specific background, including ambient conditions caused by atmospheric deposition. While background characterization is a widely accepted practice for soil, sediment, and groundwater assessment (e.g., ASTM, 2020;Battelle, 2012;EPA,1990EPA, , 2002aEPA, , 2002cEPA, , 2007ITRC, 2021), surface water background characterizations may get more scrutiny because of greater variability in chemical concentrations (and related water quality parameters), and because diffuse source contributions can be difficult to characterize. In flowing streams, sampling upstream of known or suspected sources is a simple way to conduct a background study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous, manmade chemicals with diffuse, ongoing sources, despite the production and use of PCBs having been banned or limited in the United States and some other counties since the late 1970s and 1980s, as well as more broadly banned under the Stockholm Convention of 2004 (with upcoming deadlines in 2025 for end of use and 2028 for disposal). Historical and ongoing sources of PCBs include paint and pigments, carbonless copy paper, caulk, and mechanical and electrical equipment fluids (Battelle, 2012;Herrick et al, 2007). The historical release of PCBs has resulted in the cycling of pollution on local and global scales driven by weather patterns, chemical characteristics (e.g., vapor-particle partitioning), and particulate dynamics (Beyer & Biziuk, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of ambient polychlorinated biphenyl background conditions in surface waters of the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico

Church

Toll

Tobiason³

et al. 2023

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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This study presents the development of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) background threshold values (BTVs) that statistically characterize ambient background conditions for surface waters in undeveloped and developed landscapes of the Pajarito Plateau in the Rio Grande Basin of New Mexico. Between 2009 and 2018, surface water data were collected at 45 locations under a variety of flow conditions and regimes. A total of 163 samples were collected, with roughly 1/3 of samples and locations being in undeveloped areas (n = 53 from 17 locations), and the remainder being in developed areas (n = 110 from 28 locations). While there are areas on the Pajarito Plateau where PCB point sources are known or likely to have contributed to PCBs in soils, PCB BTVs calculated for undeveloped portions of watersheds (upstream of areas where PCB point sources are known or likely to have contributed to PCBs in soils, and therefore not affected by PCB sources within the watershed) are well above New Mexico's human health organism‐only (HH‐OO) water quality criterion (0.64 ng/L). Background threshold values are even higher in developed areas upstream of managed soil sites, suggesting that in developed areas, both diffuse ambient PCB sources (e.g., atmospheric deposition) and localized urban sources (e.g., building materials, paints, and electrical equipment) contribute to PCBs in those watersheds. These findings indicate that New Mexico's current HH‐OO water quality criterion for PCBs cannot practicably be met due to ambient conditions. It is also impracticable to meet the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) criterion continuous concentration (CCC) of 14 ng/L in developed background areas, where the BTV is approximately 1.5 times the CCC. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;00:1–13. © 2022 SETAC

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Linear Unmixing in the Geologic Sciences: More Than A Half-Century of Progress

Full

2018

Handbook of Mathematical Geosciences

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For more than a half-century, scientists have been developing a tool for linear unmixing utilizing collections of algorithms and computer programs that is appropriate for many types of data commonly encountered in the geologic and other science disciplines. Applications include the analysis of particle size data, Fourier shape coefficients and related spectrum, biologic morphology and fossil assemblage information, environmental data, petrographic image analysis, unmixing igneous and metamorphic petrographic variable and the unmixing and determination of oil sources, to name a few. Each of these studies used algorithms that were designed to use data whose row sums are constant. Non-constant sum data comprise what is a larger set of data that permeates many of our sciences. Many times, these data can be modeled as mixtures even though the row sums do not sum to the same value for all samples in the data. This occurs when different quantities of one or more end-member are present in the data. Use of the constant sum approach for these data can produce confusing and inaccurate results especially when the end-members need to be defined away from the data cloud. The approach to deal with these non-constant sum data is defined and called Hyperplanar Vector Analysis (HVA). Without abandoning over 50 years of experience, HVA merges the concepts developed over this time and extends the linear unmixing approach to more types of data. The basis for this development involves a translation and rotation of the raw data that conserves information (variability). It will also be shown that HVA is a more appropriate name for both the previous constant sum algorithms and future programs algorithms as well.

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A Handbook for Determining the Sources of PCB Contamination in Sediments

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Patent Analysis on Graphene Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Patent Analysis on Graphene Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Characterization of ambient polychlorinated biphenyl background conditions in surface waters of the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico

Linear Unmixing in the Geologic Sciences: More Than A Half-Century of Progress

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