A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events

Matherly, Deborah; Langdon, Neeli; Wolshon, Brian; Murray‐Tuite, Pamela; Renne, John L.; Thomas, Roberta; Mobley, Jane; Reinhardt, Kelly

doi:10.17226/22338

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As such, the layout of central and suburban areas, the position of public and rescue services (e.g., hospitals and transportation nodes), and administrative competencies in disaster management cannot be overlooked. Particularly, the typological character of a center (e.g., its value concentrated in or spread over an area [25]), the connection between settlements [26,27], and their environmental morphology affect the continuity of a territory and its vulnerability [28]. Indeed, both punctual services (e.g., education, production, administrative, health, and strategic services) and network services (e.g., transportation, fuels, energy, and communication) contribute to risk analysis at an urban level.…”

Section: Risk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistency of Urban Roads to Manage Emergencies: Methodology to Identify the Minimum Network with Total Connectivity at Maximum Availability

Galiano

Moretti

2021

Sustainability

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Natural disasters happen without warning; it is normally impossible to predict when they will occur, but it is necessary that rescue services reach the disaster site and manage the emergency. This paper proposes an innovative methodology to summarize seismic effects on road, building, and land factors in urban areas. The existing road network is modelled through the graph theory: the arcs represent the main infrastructures, while the nodes represent both the primary strategic buildings and the intersections between the main roads. Therefore, the quantitative approach takes into account the existing road network, the focal areas that play a strategic role during emergency, and their relationship with buildings and territory. The results enable the identification of the minimum urban structure (MUS) with total connectivity at maximum availability. These structures were composed of the paths that will be the priority choice for emergency vehicles after an earthquake. The proposed approach has been implemented to identify the MUS in a medium-size Italian urban center (Pomezia) in the event of a critical earthquake. The methodology is easy to apply and could represent an ideal tool in the preliminary phase of analysis of an urban road network to define new city plans through targeted territorial design, to facilitate decision makers in investment choices, to increase the road network consistency, and to implement emergency plans after natural disasters.

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Section: Risk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistency of Urban Roads to Manage Emergencies: Methodology to Identify the Minimum Network with Total Connectivity at Maximum Availability

Galiano

Moretti

2021

Sustainability

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“…NCHRP Report 777, A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events, outlines planning and collaboration principles to facilitate dialogue, collaboration, and planning between transportation stakeholders to ensure effective emergency planning. The guide provides high-level recommendations to ensure collaborative efforts in the planning, mitigation, response, and recovery phases of emergencies and natural disasters (9).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transportation Fuel Resiliency: Case Study of Tampa Bay

Kolpakov

Sipiora

Johnson

et al. 2021

Transportation Research Record

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This case study presents findings from an analysis of the emergency preparation and response for Hurricane Irma, the most recent hurricane impacting the Tampa Bay region. The Tampa Bay region, in particular, is considered one of the most vulnerable areas in the United States to hurricanes and severe tropical weather. A particular vulnerability stems from how all petroleum fuel comes to the area by marine transport through Port Tampa Bay, which can be (and has been in the past) impacted by hurricanes and tropical storms. The case study discussed in this paper covers previous fuel challenges, vulnerabilities, and lessons learned by key Tampa Bay public agency fleets during the past 10 years (mainly as a result of the most recent 2017 Hurricane Irma) to explore ways to improve the area’s resilience to natural disasters. Some of the strategies for fuel-supply resiliency include maintaining emergency fuel supply, prioritizing fuel use, strategically placing the assets around the region to help with recovery, investing in backup generators (including generators powered by alternative fuels), planning for redundancies in fuel supply networks, developing more efficient communication procedures between public fleets, hurricane preparedness-planning, and upgrading street drainage systems to reduce the threat of local flooding.

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“…In recent years, resilience of city infrastructure has gained a great deal of attention [1]. When disasters and other extreme events occur, infrastructure may fail, incurring large human, economic, and environmental costs.…”

Section: Introduction 1motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Practically, it identifies that the evacuation caused only minor disruptions, but significant delays were encountered during the postdisaster reentry process. Since the implementation of this method is very efficient, it could potentially be used as an online monitoring tool, representing a first step toward quantifying city scale resilience with coarse GPS data.In recent years, resilience of city infrastructure has gained a great deal of attention [1]. When disasters and other extreme events occur, infrastructure may fail, incurring large human, economic, and environmental costs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirically quantifying city-scale transportation system resilience to extreme events

Donovan

Work

2017

Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

154

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This article proposes a method to quantitatively measure the resilience of transportation systems using GPS data from taxis. The granularity of the GPS data necessary for this analysis is relatively coarse; it only requires coordinates for the beginning and end of trips, the metered distance, and the total travel time. The method works by computing the historical distribution of pace (normalized travel times) between various regions of a city and measuring the pace deviations during an unusual event. This method is applied to a dataset of nearly 700 million taxi trips in New York City, which is used to analyze the transportation infrastructure resilience to Hurricane Sandy. The analysis indicates that Hurricane Sandy impacted traffic conditions for more than five days, and caused a peak delay of two minutes per mile. Practically, it identifies that the evacuation caused only minor disruptions, but significant delays were encountered during the postdisaster reentry process. Since the implementation of this method is very efficient, it could potentially be used as an online monitoring tool, representing a first step toward quantifying city scale resilience with coarse GPS data.In recent years, resilience of city infrastructure has gained a great deal of attention [1]. When disasters and other extreme events occur, infrastructure may fail, incurring large human, economic, and environmental costs. This is especially relevant for transportation infrastructure, since it is crucial for city evacuations and emergency services in post-disaster environments. Methods are needed to quantitatively monitor the transportation infrastructure in terms of its ability to withstand and recover from such events. Measuring the performance of city-scale infrastructure with traditional traffic sensors is cost-prohibitive due to relatively high installation costs, but many cities already have taxi fleets equipped with GPS sensors. Though this analysis could be performed with any GPS data, taxi data is publicly available in some cases. The New York City dataset used in this analysis gives interesting insights about the performance of infrastructure during Hurricane Sandy and other major events.The goal of this article is to develop and implement a method for measuring resilience of city-scale transportation networks using only taxi datasets. The technique is designed with the following characteristics:1. The method can be applied at the city-scale, or larger. Extreme events such as hurricanes have the ability to affect an entire city. For this reason, it is important to examine impacts at a high-level city view, rather than the level of individual vehicles or streets. * bpdonov2@illinois.edu † dbwork@illinois.edu arXiv:1507.06011v1 [physics.soc-ph] 21 Jul 2015 2. The method measures network performance quantitatively, in terms of recovery time and peak pace deviations. Recovery time and peak performance degradation are fairly standard quantities of interest in the resilience literature [2,3]. While travel times are a natural performance m...

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A Guide to Regional Transportation Planning for Disasters, Emergencies, and Significant Events

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Consistency of Urban Roads to Manage Emergencies: Methodology to Identify the Minimum Network with Total Connectivity at Maximum Availability

Consistency of Urban Roads to Manage Emergencies: Methodology to Identify the Minimum Network with Total Connectivity at Maximum Availability

Transportation Fuel Resiliency: Case Study of Tampa Bay

Empirically quantifying city-scale transportation system resilience to extreme events

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