A Guide of Fingerprint Based Radio Emitter Localization Using Multiple Sensors

Abstract

Location information is essential to varieties of applications. It is one of the most important context to be detected by wireless distributed sensors, which is a key technology in Internet-of-Things. Fingerprint-based methods, which compare location unique fingerprints collected beforehand with the fingerprint measured from the target, have attracted much attention recently in both of academia and industry. They have been successfully used for many location-based applications. From the viewpoint of practical applications, in this paper, four different typical approaches of fingerprint-based radio emitter localization system are introduced with four different representative applications: localization of LTE smart phone used for anti-cheating in exams, indoor localization of Wi-Fi terminals, localized light control in BEMS using location information of occupants, and illegal radio localization in outdoor environments. Based on the different practical application scenarios, different solutions, which are designed to enhance the localization performance, are discussed in detail. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper to give a guideline for readers about fingerprint-based localization system in terms of fingerprint selection, hardware architecture design and algorithm enhancement. key words: Internet-of-Things, wireless distributed sensors, radio emitter localization, fingerprint, different applications, guideline, prototyping 2013, and the M.E. degree in electrical, electronic and in-formation engineering

Route Optimization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Sensors for Localization of Wireless Emitters in Outdoor Environments

“…Fingerprint-based localization is a method that collects position-dependent information as fingerprints and statistically estimates the position by pattern matching [5]. As shown in Figure 2, fingerprint-based localization is largely divided into a learning phase and an estimation phase.…”

“…One of the methods used to estimate the location of radio wave sources for radio wave monitoring is the geometric localization method using the angle of arrival (AOA) of the received signal. However, since the geometric localization method assumes an LoS condition between the sensor and the target, the localization accuracy deteriorates significantly in general environments of urban areas with the existence of many scattering objects, where sensors and the radio sources are normally in an NLoS condition [3][4][5][6]. In a geometric localization or triangulation approach, the location of the emitters is predicted as the intersection point of different estimated AOAs from the illegal source toward different received sensors.…”

Spatially Sparse Emitters Localization With QVBEM Algorithm

“…received phase, received power, or time of arrival (Amiri et al, 2016). Accurate localization of the co-channel emitters is important in some applications such as cognitive radio, wireless sensor network, and electronic warfare (EW) (Ocalizatio et al, 2018;Ramezani et al, 2018). The focus of this work is on accurate localization of co-channel radars from the space.…”