A growing link between antibiotics and colon cancer

Novel insights at the crossroads of antibiotic use and cancer risk

“…A recent study described the mechanism behind macrolide-induced tumor progression on melanoma and sarcoma in vitro and in mouse models in vivo , whereby macrolides block autophagic flux by inhibiting lysosomal acidification, inducing accumulation of radioactive species (ROS) and integrated stress response promoting tumor proliferation [ 19 ]. In patients, both breast and proximal colon cancer were linked to the use of other antibiotics including those targeting cell wall synthesis like penicillin or cephalosporins, but also to quinolones, sulfonamide and trimethoprim interfering with DNA and folate metabolism [ 12 , 13 , 20 ].…”

“…Although the link between antibiotics and cancer is growing, in discussion with renowned scientists, there is clear evidence that there is a great need for bulk profiling, comprehensive screening programs in all countries and in-depth studies to understand the risks and benefits of antibiotic use [ 13 ].…”

“…Various cancer types appear to be associated with a unique microbiome residing inside the cancer with immune cells actively disturbing the immune equilibrium [7,[9][10][11]. Interestingly, decreased risk of rectal cancer was associated with past antibiotic use, most likely due to the anti-inflammatory impact of the used antibiotic tetracycline on a rectal inflammation associated with its oncogenesis [12][13][14]. Furthermore, researchers also point to growing evidence that an increased cancer risk arises more likely from an altered microbiome than from an inflammation in the gut.…”