A group-based modeling approach to estimating longitudinal trajectories of Korean adolescents’ on-line game time

Internet use and Problematic Internet Use: a systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood

“…Finally, a fourth group of studies conceptualize PIU based primarily on the Internet application abused, especially when the latter includes Internet gaming. In this line, online Game Addiction has been studied longitudinally (Hong, You, Kim, & no, 2014; Van Rooij Table 1. Quality of methodologies of studies (reported reliability at each time point).…”

“…The influence of gender, as a static (not-changeable, predisposing factor) on an individual's IU-PIU levels was investigated by 12 studies with only three of them not supporting gender-related IU-PIU differences (Gámez-Guadix, 2014;Gámez-Guadix et al, 2015;Jackson et al, 2003). The majority of the findings (7 studies) across different cultural samples converged with males being at higher risk, and the difference between males and females in regards to IU-PIU widening over time (Chen et al, 2015;Choo et al, 2015;Gentile et al, 2011;Haagsma et al, 2013;Hong et al, 2014;Willoughby, 2008;Yu & Shek, 2013). Different hypotheses and interacting factors were proposed to explain the differences revealed; primarily the higher preference of males for online games, males being targeted by the marketing strategies of higher PIU risk applications (such as online games) (Chen et al, 2015;Hong et al, 2014), and males being at higher risk of developing addiction-related behaviours (as PIU has been similarly characterized) (Yu & Shek, 2013) have been noted.…”

MMORPG gaming and hostility predict Internet Addiction symptoms in adolescents: An empirical multilevel longitudinal study

“…Considering IA more specifically, longitudinal research studies using Asian adolescent samples have resulted in contradictory findings, with some supporting and others not confirming hostility as a causal factor for IA (Ko te al., 2009;Hong, You, Kim, & No, 2014). Nevertheless, there is a consensus among longitudinal studies considering the reverse association in adolescence, where hostility was a consequence of IA rather than a cause (Gentile et al, 2011;Lemmens, Valkenburg, & Peter, 2011).…”

The interplay among stress, frustration tolerance, mindfulness, and social support in Internet gaming disorder symptoms among Chinese working adults

“…Stress is a potential risk factor for the development of IGD (hypothesis 1; Kardefelt‐Winther, ; Kwon, ) because gaming often serves as a passive coping strategy to manage real‐life problems and suffering (Reinecke, ; Snodgrass et al, ). However, research evidence for the association between stress and IGD has been inconclusive (eg, Hong, You, Kim, & No, ; Wang et al, ). Potential moderators, such as an individual's psychosocial characteristics, may exist between stress and IGD and explain these inconsistent findings.…”