A grid-based ionospheric weighted method for PPP-RTK with diverse network scales and ionospheric activity levels

Li, Xingxing; Han, Junjie; Li, Xin; Huang, Jiaxin; Shen, Zhiheng; Wu, Zongzhou

doi:10.1007/s10291-023-01522-5

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, research works have reported the implementation of the PPP-RTK technique within smartphones [ 17 , 18 ]. In light of the central role of ionosphere modelling, particular attention has been paid to this aspect in the research community [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Wang and Zhang [ 24 ] developed a concept of all-frequency PPP-RTK tested in a vehicle-borne experiment carried out in Wuhan City; their results showed that the percentage of the epochs with a horizontal positioning error of less than 0.1 m was increased by 5–30% from conventional to all-frequency PPP-RTK.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and Testing an IoT Low-Cost PPP-RTK Augmented GNSS Location Device

Amalfitano,

Cutugno,

Robustelli

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Nowadays, the availability of affordable multi-constellation multi-frequency receivers has broadened access to accurate positioning. The abundance of satellite signals coupled with the implementation of ground- and satellite-based correction services has unlocked the potential for achieving real-time centimetre-level positioning with low-cost instrumentation. Most of the current and future applications cannot exploit well-consolidated satellite positioning techniques such as Network Real Time Kinematic (RTK) and Precise Point Positioning (PPP); the former is inapplicable for large user bases due to the necessity of a two-way communication link between the user and the NRTK service provider, while the latter necessitates long convergence times that are not in keeping with kinematic application. In this context, the hybrid PPP-RTK technique has emerged as a potential solution to meet the demand for real-time, low-cost, accurate, and precise positioning. This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT) GNSS device developed with low-cost hardware; it leverages a commercial PPP-RTK correction service which delivers corrections via IP. The main target is to obtain both horizontal and vertical decimetre-level accuracies in urban kinematic tests, along with other requisites such as solution availability and the provision of connection ports for interfacing an IoT network. A vehicle-borne kinematic test has been conducted to evaluate the device performance. The results show that (i) the IoT device can deliver horizontal and vertical positioning solutions at decimetre-level accuracy with the targeted solution availability, and (ii) the provided IoT ports are feasible for gathering the position solutions over an internet connection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and Testing an IoT Low-Cost PPP-RTK Augmented GNSS Location Device

Amalfitano,

Cutugno,

Robustelli

et al. 2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Regional ionospheric correction generation for GNSS PPP-RTK: theoretical analyses and a new interpolation method

Zhang,

Wang,

Khodabandeh

2024

GPS Solut

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The regional ionospheric corrections have become one of the critical parts of Precise Point Positioning (PPP)-based Real-Time-Kinematic (RTK) services to achieve fast positioning convergence. Several methods for regional ionospheric corrections supporting PPP-RTK have been developed and implemented over recent years, but little attention is given to the theoretical foundation of existing ionospheric correction methods and their performance comparison to find an optimal method in some sense. The optimality criterion of such methods should not only be based on the precision of the ionospheric correction itself, but also on its broadcasting strategies, and implementation aspects. This contribution studies ionospheric correction generation methods within the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) framework. Comparing the accuracy performances of the methods, we demonstrate that the Kriging method with trend, as a special case of BLUP, is the most appropriate method for large-scale networks (above 500 km). A strategy for the evaluation of the uncertainty of the grid-interpolated ionospheric corrections is also developed. In contrast to other empirical methods, this new method is rigorous in the sense that it avoids the underestimation of the uncertainty of predicted ionospheric corrections, especially when reference stations are close to a grid point.

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