A green racer snake (Philodryas nattereri, Colubridae) killed but not eaten by a blonde capuchin monkey (Sapajus flavius, Cebidae)

Silva, Gibran Anderson Oliveira da; Falótico, Tiago; Nash, Stephen; Valença-Montenegro, Mônica Mafra

doi:10.1007/s10329-019-00738-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…AM would be snatched food from other individuals by pouncing orbiting [25]. AM would protect the groups from any disturbances [52,70]. The SM expresses the following highest percentage of agonists.…”

Section: Agonistic Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Behaviour of Endangered Macaque Species at Kalisalak Forest, Central Java-Indonesia

Al-Hakim

Hastuti

Nasution

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is a primate often found in Indonesia, with the current IUCN Red List status being endangered. One of the habitats of this species is the Kalisalak Forest. The social behaviour of this species has never been studied much; therefore, further research is needed on this site. This study aimed to analyse the frequency and duration of social behaviour of seven age groups of each sex. The study was conducted from April to July 2021. The research used scan sampling and continuous recording rules with 15-minute intervals (8:00 am-5:00 pm). The social behaviour data were analysed by ethogram percentage and compared with each social behaviour and age group using a statistical correlation test. The results show that the highest frequency is playing (42.92%), then grooming (41.29%), while the lowest is agonistic (8.33%), and then mating (7.46%). The duration of grooming (57.61%) is higher than playing (42.39%), while agonistic and mating are not counted because they are event behaviour. No frequency correlation (p-value>0.05) between grooming and age exists. A frequency correlation (p-value<0.05) between playing, agonistic, and mating with age group. There is no correlation (p-value>0.05) between the age group’s duration of grooming and playing.

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Section: Agonistic Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Behaviour of Endangered Macaque Species at Kalisalak Forest, Central Java-Indonesia

Al-Hakim

Hastuti

Nasution

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Acrantophis madagscarensis C Non-lethal; physical conspecific aid [5] Tarsius spectrum P. reticulatus C Lethal; non-physical conspecific aid [6] Callithrix jacchus Bothrops leucurus V Lethal [7] C. aurita Bothrops jaracara V Lethal [8] C. pencillata Boa constrictor C Lethal (2 juveniles); 2 adults attack snake [9] Leontopithecus rosalia Boa constrictor C Non-lethal [10] Saguinus mystax Boa constrictor C Non-lethal; physical conspecific aid [11] S. mystax Eunectes murinus C Lethal [12] S. fuscicollis Philodryas nattereri V Non-lethal [13] Callicebus discolor Boa constrictor C Non-lethal [14] Alouatta puruensis Boa constrictor C Lethal [15] Alouatta palliata Boa constrictor C Non-lethal Fedigan, cited in [16] Chiropotes utahickae Boa constrictor C Lethal [17] Cebus capucinus Boa constrictor C Non-lethal & lethal; nonphysical conspecific aid in the latter [18] Cebus capucinus Boa constrictor C Non-lethal; physical conspecific aid [19] Sapajus Corallus enydris C Non-lethal [20] Saimiri sciureus Boa C Lethal [21] Cercopithecus mitis stulhmanni Bitis gabonica V Lethal [22] Cercopithecus mitis albogularis Dendroaspis polylepsis V Lethal, inferred [23] Chlorocebus aethiops Python C Lethal [24] Macaca nemestrina P. moluras C Lethal [25] Trachypithecus auratus Python reticulatus C Non-lethal, encounter [26] Pan troglodytes verus Dendroaspis polylepsis V Lethal, inferred This study.…”

Section: Nycticebus Coucangmentioning

confidence: 99%

Savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Senegal react to deadly snakes and other reptiles: Testing the snake detection hypothesis

Pruetz

LaDuke

Dobson

2022

Preprint

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The hypothesis that dangerous snakes served as evolutionary selective pressures on traits characterizing the Order Primates (Snake Detection Hypothesis, SDH), specifically vision and aspects of the brain, has received recent attention. We provide data on 52 encounters between chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in a savanna landscape and snakes and other large reptiles at the Fongoli site in Senegal, over the course of eight years. These encounters yielded data on 178 interactions between identified individual chimpanzees and reptiles. The majority of encounters with identified reptiles (62%) involved potentially deadly snakes. Constrictors of the family Pythonidae were encountered more frequently than any other reptile. Chimpanzees exhibited a variety of reactions to reptiles, ranging from attacking with objects to ignoring them. Even reptiles other than snakes were met with some degree of alarm when they were in water or moving quickly. We assessed variables that may affect apes’ reactions, as well as the age-sex class of chimpanzees. As a test of Isbell’s snake detection hypothesis, we examined chimpanzees’ reaction intensity to venomous versus constricting snakes but found no difference. We did find significant age-sex differences in chimpanzees’ reactions to snakes, with adolescent males exhibiting higher-intensity reactions than adult males and females and adolescent female chimpanzees. Chimpanzees reacted at significantly higher intensities when snakes were arboreal in location, but reptile species, size, and activity did not significantly influence individuals’ reactions to snakes. We also report one inferred encounter between an adult female chimpanzee and a venomous snake, which led to her death. Our data suggest that snakes are significant threats to chimpanzees in savanna environments and support the hypothesis that danger from snakes could have exerted significant evolutionary pressure on the Order Primates.

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“…moor macaques, Macaca maura, Hernández Tienda et al, 2021) and behave accordingly (Falótico et al, 2018). Besides, an encounter may be risky for the primate (Adukauskienė et al, 2011;Foerster, 2008;Shine et al, 1998), but it may also be risky for the snake, including venomous species (Boinski, 1988;Da Silva et al, 2019;Lorenz, 1971). Large, potentially dangerous snakes have evolved an extended repertoire of warning signals to avoid confrontation and minimize the use of defensive strikes (Glaudas & Winne, 2007).…”

Section: Taxonomic Accuracy Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primate–Predator Interactions: Is There a Mismatch Between Laboratory and Ecological Evidence?

et al. 2022

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Abundant empirical and theoretical studies indicate that predation is a key driver of primate evolution. The Snake Detection Theory (SDT) posits that snakes have been the main predators of primates since the late Cretaceous, and that they influenced the diversification and evolution of primates. Laboratory research focusing on the innate ability of primates to detect snakes amid complex visual stimuli has provided strong support for key tenets of the SDT. While this theory has greatly contributed to our knowledge of primate evolution, supporting experimental studies may have overly focused on snakes and disregarded other important predators. This potential sampling bias weakens the conclusion that primates respond with a specific (high) intensity to snakes compared to other predators. We reviewed the literature about primatepredator interactions under natural and experimental conditions. We listed the primate and predator species involved in natural versus experimental studies. Predation events on primates recorded in the field mainly involved other primates, then raptors and carnivorans. SDT-related experimental studies heavily focused on snakes as predator stimuli and did not include raptors.Other experimental studies largely used snakes and primates, and to a lesser extent carnivorans.Apes were the most often tested primates in experimental studies, other primate taxa were neglected. Moreover, predators used as stimuli in experimental studies were inaccurately identified, notably snakes. Altogether, our results show that SDT-related studies neglected most of the major natural predators of primates. SDT studies also focused on a handful of primate species, while the theory relies on comparisons among taxa. Finally, poor taxonomic information on snakes used as stimuli blurs the interpretation of their relationship with primates. We suggest that future studies test the SDT by presenting a wide range of predators to different primate species to improve our understanding of the complexity of predator-prey interactions.

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A green racer snake (Philodryas nattereri, Colubridae) killed but not eaten by a blonde capuchin monkey (Sapajus flavius, Cebidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Social Behaviour of Endangered Macaque Species at Kalisalak Forest, Central Java-Indonesia

Social Behaviour of Endangered Macaque Species at Kalisalak Forest, Central Java-Indonesia

Savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Senegal react to deadly snakes and other reptiles: Testing the snake detection hypothesis

Primate–Predator Interactions: Is There a Mismatch Between Laboratory and Ecological Evidence?

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