“…This ALNS aims to improve an initial feasible solution progressively by means of multiple removal (destroy) and insertion (repair) mechanisms competing in an adaptive environment to diversify and intensify the search. ALNS has been successfully implemented for solving many VRP variants including pickup and delivery problems with transshipment (Qu and Bard, 2012) and with vehicle transfers (Masson et al, 2013), cumulative capacitated VRP (Ribeiro and Laporte, 2012), pollution-routing problem (Demir et al, 2012), two-echelon VRP (Hemmelmayr et al, 2012), VRP with multiple routes (Azi et al, 2014), periodic inventory routing problem (Aksen et al, 2014), and production routing problem (Adulyasak et al, 2014). Due to its flexibility, the ALNS framework has been also applied to a wide range of problems such as the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (Muller, 2009), technician task scheduling in telecommunications industry (Cordeau et al, 2010), lot-sizing with setup times (Muller et al, 2012), consultation timetabling problem at Danish high schools (Kristiansen, 2013).…”