A Graphene-Based Terahertz Hot Electron Bolometer with Johnson Noise Readout

Gao, Hao; Wang, Zheng; Zhang, W.; Ren, Yuan; Zhou, Kang; Shi, Sheng‐Cai; Chen, Yu; He, Zezhao; Liu, Q. B.; Feng, Zhihong

doi:10.1007/s10909-018-1972-6

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Miao et al [252] designed a hot-electron bolometer (HEB) with EG grown on 4H-SiC substrate. The graphene was integrated with a microbridge and directly connected to a log-spiral antenna that covered the frequency range from 0.1 to 1.4 THz.…”

Section: Bolometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of graphene for the generation, manipulation, and detection of electromagnetic fields from microwave to terahertz

et al. 2022

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Graphene has attracted considerable attention ever since the discovery of its unprecedented properties, including its extraordinary and tunable electronic and optical properties. In particular, applications within the microwave to terahertz frequency spectrum can benefit from graphene’s high electrical conductivity, mechanical flexibility and robustness, transparency, support of surface-plasmon-polaritons, and the possibility of dynamic tunability with direct current to light sources. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of current trends, challenges, and prospects within the research areas of generating, manipulating, and detecting electromagnetic fields using graphene-based devices that operate from microwave to terahertz frequencies. The properties of and models describing graphene are reviewed first, notably those of importance to electromagnetic applications. State-of-the-art graphene-based antennas, such as resonant and leaky-wave antennas, are discussed next. A critical evaluation of the performance and limitations within each particular technology is given. Graphene-based metasurfaces and devices used to manipulate electromagnetic fields, e.g., wavefront engineering, are then examined. Lastly, the state-of-the-art of detecting electromagnetic fields using graphene-based devices is discussed.

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Section: Bolometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of graphene for the generation, manipulation, and detection of electromagnetic fields from microwave to terahertz

et al. 2022

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“…Here, the Johnson noise power can be written as P J = k normalB ( T e + T Readout ) η G a m p B where k B is the Boltzmann constant, T e is the electron temperature, T Readout is the noise temperature of the readout system, η is the coupling between the graphene device and the cryogenic low-noise amplifier, and G amp and B are the gain and the bandwidth of the entire Johnson noise readout system, respectively. In our case, the noise temperature of the readout system T Readout is estimated to be around 5.4 K from the measured the temperature-dependent noise power of the graphene device . Additionally, the coupling between the graphene device and the cryogenic low-noise amplifier is found to be greater than 0.85, as indicated by η = (4 R 0 R L )/( R 0 + R L ) 2 , with R 0 and R L (about 50 Ω) being the resistances of the graphene device and the cryogenic low-noise amplifier, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In our case, the noise temperature of the readout system T Readout is estimated to be around 5.4 K from the measured the temperature-dependent noise power of the graphene device. 14 Additionally, the coupling between the graphene device and the cryogenic low-noise amplifier is found to be greater than 0.85, as indicated by η = (4R 0 R L )/(R 0 + R L ) 2 , with R 0 and R L (about 50 Ω) being the resistances of the graphene device and the cryogenic low-noise amplifier, respectively. Therefore, our readout system does not require any impedance matching circuit, such as an inductor-capacitor matching network.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Low-Temperature Thermal Transport Characteristics in Epitaxial Bilayer Graphene Microbridges

Li,

Miao,

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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In this paper, we present a study of the thermal transport of epitaxial bilayer graphene microbridges. The thermal conductance of three graphene microbridges with different lengths was measured at different temperatures using Johnson noise thermometry. We find that with the decrease of the temperature, the thermal transport in the graphene microbridges switches from electron–phonon coupling to electron diffusion, and the switching temperature is dependent on the length of the microbridge, which is in good agreement with the simulation based on a distributed hot-spot model. Moreover, the electron–phonon thermal conductance has a temperature power law of T 3 as predicted for pristine graphene and the electron–phonon coupling coefficient σep is found to be approximately 0.18 W/(m2 K4), corresponding to a deformation potential D of 55 eV. In addition, the electron diffusion in the graphene microbridges adheres to the Wiedemann–Franz law, requiring no corrections to the Lorentz number.

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“…Miao et al [ 66 ] reported a graphene-based thermal noise readout bolometer. The detector is composed of graphene and a THz spiral metal antenna.…”

Section: Classification Of Graphene Terahertz Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in the Development of Graphene Detector for Terahertz Detection

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Terahertz waves are expected to be used in next-generation communications, detection, and other fields due to their unique characteristics. As a basic part of the terahertz application system, the terahertz detector plays a key role in terahertz technology. Due to the two-dimensional structure, graphene has unique characteristics features, such as exceptionally high electron mobility, zero band-gap, and frequency-independent spectral absorption, particularly in the terahertz region, making it a suitable material for terahertz detectors. In this review, the recent progress of graphene terahertz detectors related to photovoltaic effect (PV), photothermoelectric effect (PTE), bolometric effect, and plasma wave resonance are introduced and discussed.

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A Graphene-Based Terahertz Hot Electron Bolometer with Johnson Noise Readout

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Review of graphene for the generation, manipulation, and detection of electromagnetic fields from microwave to terahertz

Review of graphene for the generation, manipulation, and detection of electromagnetic fields from microwave to terahertz

Low-Temperature Thermal Transport Characteristics in Epitaxial Bilayer Graphene Microbridges

Recent Progress in the Development of Graphene Detector for Terahertz Detection

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