A Global Total Column Ozone Climate Data Record

Bodeker, G. E.; Nitzbon, Jan; Tradowsky, Jordis S.; Kremser, Stefanie; Schwertheim, Alexander; Lewis, Jared C.

doi:10.5194/essd-2020-218

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As detailed in Bodeker et al (2020a), significant effort is required to homogenize the ozone fields from the 17 different space-based sensors measuring ozone that comprise the BS-filled TCO database, as well as to infer missing data through the polar night and in other regions where the operational parameters of the satellites result in data gaps. The requirements of the GCOS (Global Climate Observing System; GCOS-138, 2010;Bojinski et al, 2014) for climate data records, and in particular the need for all data to have traceable uncertainties, have led to the most recent versions of the NIWA-BS and BS-filled TCO databases (V3.4 and V3.5.1) including estimates of the uncertainties on every TCO value as described in Bodeker et al (2020a). This has allowed, for the first time, uncertainties to be included on the Antarctic ozone depletion metrics, showing which metrics are sensitive to uncertainties in the source TCO fields and which are not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E. Bodeker and S. Kremser: Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion It is imperative that the networks of ground-based and space-based instruments required to monitor the global ozone layer are maintained, that global homogenized and quality-controlled TCO climate data records continue to be maintained, and that metrics of Antarctic ozone depletion continue to be updated so that the effectiveness of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments and adjustments in returning the Antarctic ozone layer to an unperturbed state can continue to be assessed by policymakers. Bodeker et al, 2020b) are available from the zenodo archive. The vertically resolved ozone database (BSVertOzone) is also available on zenodo (Hassler et al, 2018b, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1217184).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper takes advantage of several features of the new version 3.4 (V3.4) NIWA-BS and BS-filled TCO databases (Bodeker et al, 2020a), updates them to the end of 2019 to create V3.5.1 of the databases, and uses the BS-filled database to define continuous, homogeneous time series of several metrics describing key attributes of the Antarctic ozone hole. The databases are constructed using measurements from 17 different satellite-based instruments wherein offsets and drifts between (i) the ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometer networks and (ii) a subset of the satellite-based measurements are removed and then used as the basis for homogenizing the remaining TCO data sets.…”

Section: Ozone Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The databases are constructed using measurements from 17 different satellite-based instruments wherein offsets and drifts between (i) the ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometer networks and (ii) a subset of the satellite-based measurements are removed and then used as the basis for homogenizing the remaining TCO data sets. V3.4 and V3.5.1 of the BS-filled TCO databases comprise spatially filled TCO fields that use a machine-learning approach to infer missing data in regions and at times for which measurements were not available (Bodeker et al, 2020a). This approach significantly improves on the "over the pole" method described in Bodeker et al (2001a) to create far more physically plausible renditions of the ozone fields in regions of missing data.…”

Section: Ozone Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion: 1979 to 2019

Bodeker

Kremser

2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research/Bodeker Scientific (NIWA–BS) total column ozone (TCO) database and the associated BS-filled TCO database have been updated to cover the period 1979 to 2019, bringing both to version 3.5.1 (V3.5.1). The BS-filled database builds on the NIWA–BS database by using a machine-learning algorithm to fill spatial and temporal data gaps to provide gap-free TCO fields over Antarctica. These filled TCO fields then provide a more complete picture of wintertime changes in the ozone layer over Antarctica. The BS-filled database has been used to calculate continuous, homogeneous time series of indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion from 1979 to 2019, including (i) daily values of the ozone mass deficit based on TCO below a 220 DU threshold; (ii) daily measures of the area over Antarctica where TCO levels are below 150 DU, below 220 DU, more than 30 % below 1979 to 1981 climatological means, and more than 50 % below 1979 to 1981 climatological means; (iii) the date of disappearance of 150 DU TCO values, 220 DU TCO values, values 30 % or more below 1979 to 1981 climatological means, and values 50 % or more below 1979 to 1981 climatological means, for each year; and (iv) daily minimum TCO values over the range 75 to 90∘ S equivalent latitude. Since both the NIWA–BS and BS-filled databases provide uncertainties on every TCO value, the Antarctic ozone depletion metrics are provided, for the first time, with fully traceable uncertainties. To gain insight into how the vertical distribution of ozone over Antarctica has changed over the past 36 years, ozone concentrations, combined and homogenized from several satellite-based ozone monitoring instruments as well as the global ozonesonde network, were also analysed. A robust attribution to changes in the drivers of long-term secular variability in these metrics has not been performed in this analysis. As a result, statements about the recovery of Antarctic TCO from the effects of ozone-depleting substances cannot be made. That said, there are clear indications of a change in trend in many of the metrics reported on here around the turn of the century, close to when Antarctic stratospheric concentrations of chlorine and bromine peaked.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ozone Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ozone Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion: 1979 to 2019

Bodeker

Kremser

2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Bodeker, Kremser, & Tradowsky, 2021 and Bodeker, Nitzbon, et al. (2021) use a machine learning approach to account for missing data, which is especially important for this paper as we make use of the polar regions. See Bodeker, Nitzbon, et al.…”

Section: Observations and Model Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

On Recent Large Antarctic Ozone Holes and Ozone Recovery Metrics

Stone

Solomon

Kinnison

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Indeed, Solomon et al. (2016) showed through the use of a chemistry climate model that Antarctic ozone depletion during September has begun to recover. Additionally, Kuttippurath et al. (2018) showed a reduced frequency of ozone loss saturation between 13 and 21 km. However, detecting recovery in observations can be hampered by a combination of large variability and limited years over the recovery period, that is, since

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Reevaluation of Total‐Column Ozone Trends and of the Effective Radiative Forcing of Ozone‐Depleting Substances

Morgenstern

Frith

Bodeker

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Halocarbons are among the larger drivers of anthropogenic climate change, ranking behind 2 CO E and 4 CH Eand ahead of N 2 O for their direct radiative forcing (Naik et al., 2021;Thornhill et al., 2021). Here, direct radiative forcing only accounts for the heat-trapping properties of these greenhouse gases, discounting any impacts on the radiation balance due to chemical or other feedbacks, with the exception of a stratospheric temperature adjustment (Forster et al., 2016). However, in the case of the halocarbons, ozone depletion provides an important offsetting contribution due to its cooling impact on climate (Myhre et al., 2013;Naik et al., 2021;Thornhill et al., 2021). Earlier efforts to quantify the effective radiative forcing (ERF, which now does account for atmospheric adjustments such as chemical ozone depletion) of halocarbons, or equivalently the radiative forcing associated with the ozone depletion itself, were either limited by disagreements and uncertainty about the magnitude of modeled and observed ozone depletion or relied on very few models, meaning model uncertainty was not well accounted for (Shindell et al., 2013;Søvde et al., 2011;Thornhill et al., 2021). Morgenstern et al. (2020) offered a path forward to quantify their ERF despite the large model disagreements which remain among six interactive-chemistry models available in the 6 th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) ensemble (Eyring et al., 2016). However, their approach, an emergent-constraint technique projecting modeled and observed ozone trends onto the associated ERF, is affected both

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A Global Total Column Ozone Climate Data Record

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion: 1979 to 2019

Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion: 1979 to 2019

On Recent Large Antarctic Ozone Holes and Ozone Recovery Metrics

Reevaluation of Total‐Column Ozone Trends and of the Effective Radiative Forcing of Ozone‐Depleting Substances

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