A Global Reference Atmosphere from 18 to 80 km

Groves, G. V.

doi:10.21236/ada162499

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Briefly, it solves the extended Navier-Stokes equations for tidal and planetary wave perturbations as a function of latitude and altitude for a specified wave periodicity and zonal wavenumber. MSISE-90 zonal mean temperatures (Hedin, 1991), Groves (1985Groves ( , 1987) semi-empirical model of tropospheric winds, and HRDI 6-year monthly averaged zonal mean zonal wind climatologies are used to specify GSWM background atmosphere. Migrating tidal forcing is parameterized by Groves (1982) in the troposphere, while HALOE/MLS 6-year monthly averaged ozone climatologies and the Strobel (1978) scheme are used to account for strato-mesospheric heating.…”

Section: Gswm Qbo Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since that time monthly climatologies of zonal mean winds and temperatures based on empirical or semiempirical models (Batten, 1961;Kantor and Cole, 1964;Murgatroyd, 1965;Murphy, 1969;CIRA (1972); U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1976)) have been routinely employed in linear tidal models (Walterscheid et al, 1980;Aso et al, 1981;Forbes, 1982;Vial, 1986;Forbes and Hagan, 1988;Forbes and Vial, 1989) to account for these effects. used a series of background wind models (Groves, 1985(Groves, , 1987Portnyagin and Solov'eva, 1992a,b) and the socalled MSISE-90 temperature model (Hedin, 1991) in the initial formulation of the linear tidal and planetary wave model known as GSWM. Recently, Hagan et al (1999) updated the GSWM background wind field between ∼10 and 120 km with multi-year monthly averaged HRDI zonal mean zonal wind data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QBO effects on the diurnal tide in the upper atmosphere

et al. 2014

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We report on a series of numerical experiments conducted with the global-scale wave model (GSWM) and designed to investigate the effects of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on the migrating diurnal tide. Our results indicate that the diurnal tidal response in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is significantly affected by the QBO in zonal mean zonal winds, but largely insensitive to the QBO in stratospheric ozone. We discuss the variable mean wind results in light of previous analytic attempts to describe the diurnal tide in the presence of mean winds and dissipation. Our calculations do not explain the interannual tidal variations observed by the High Resolution Doppler Interferometer (HRDI) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS).

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Section: Gswm Qbo Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QBO effects on the diurnal tide in the upper atmosphere

et al. 2014

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“…Both models use mean temperatures and densities from Hedin (1991), the same winds below 12 km (Groves, 1985(Groves, , 1987 and tropospheric migrating tidal forcing (Groves, 1982). However while GSWM used middle atmosphere winds from Groves (1985Groves ( , 1987 and an empirical wind-model due to Portnyagin and Solov'era (1992a, b), the latest GSWM versions (1998,2000) use UARS-HRDI (High Resolution Doppler Interferometer) winds after Burrage et al, 1996). This is a significant change, as shown by Hagan et al (1999).…”

Section: The Models: Gswm Gswm2000; Cmammentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of the semi-diurnal and diurnal tides in the MLT: multi-year MF radar observations from 2–70° N, modelled tides (GSWM, CMAM)

Manson

Meek²,

Hagan³

et al. 2002

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. In an earlier paper (Manson et al., 1999a) tidal data (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997) Here the data set is increased by the addition of two locations in the Pacific-North American sector: Yamagawa 31 • N, and Wakkanai 45 • N. The GSWM model has undergone two additional developments (1998, 2000) to include an improved gravity wave (GW) stress parameterization, background winds from UARS systems and monthly tidal forcing for better characterization of seasonal change. The other model, the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) which is a General Circulation Model, provides internally generated forcing (due to ozone and water vapour) for the tides.The two GSWM versions show distinct differences, with the 2000 version being either closer to, or further away from, the observations than the original 1995 version. CMAM provides results dependent upon the GW parameterization Correspondence to: A. H. Manson (manson@dansas.usask.ca) scheme inserted, but one of the schemes provides very useful tides, especially for the semi-diurnal component.

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“…We have computed " q y using the equation given by Manney and Randel (1993). Figure 13 shows the mean zonal winds (top) and the resulting " q y (bottom) for latitudes of 80 S and 70 S. The zonal mean winds were constructed using the semiempirical model of Groves (1985) in the troposphere, geostrophically from MSISE90 temperatures (Hedin, 1991) between 12 and 80 km, and above 80 km the zonal mean winds were taken from the empirical model of Portnyagin and Solov'yeva (1992a,b). These are the zonal mean wind ®elds used in global-scale wave model (GSWM) calculation of the diurnal and semidiurnal tides (Hagan et al, 1994(Hagan et al, , 1995.…”

Section: A Mechanism For the Observed Seasonal Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient eastward-propagating long-period waves observed over the South Pole

et al. 1998

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Abstract. Observations of the horizontal wind ®eld over the South Pole were made during 1995 using a meteor radar. These data have revealed the presence of a rich spectrum of waves over the South Pole with a distinct annual occurrence. Included in this spectrum are longperiod waves, whose periods are greater than one solar day, which are propagating eastward. These waves exhibit a distinct seasonal occurrence where the envelope of wave periods decreases from a period of 10 days near the fall equinox to a minimum of 2 days near the winter solstice and then progresses towards a period near 10 days at the spring equinox. Computation of the meridional gradient of quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity has revealed a region in the high-latitude upper mesosphere which could support an instability and serve as a source for these waves. Estimation of the wave periods which would be generated from an instability in this region closely resembles the observed seasonal variation in wave periods over the South Pole. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the observed eastward propagating long-period waves over the South Pole are generated by an instability in the polar upper mesosphere. However, given our limited data set we cannot rule out a stratospheric source. Embedded in this spectrum of eastward propagating waves during the austral winter are a number of distinct wave events. Eight such wave events have been identi®ed and localized using a constant-®lter bank. The periods of these wave events ranges from 1.7 to 9.8 days and all exist for at least 3 wave periods. Least squares analysis has revealed that a number of these events are inconsistent with a wave propagating zonally around the geographic pole and could be related to waves propagating around a dynamical pole which is o set from the geographic pole. Additionally, one event which was observed appears to be a standing oscillation.

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A Global Reference Atmosphere from 18 to 80 km

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

QBO effects on the diurnal tide in the upper atmosphere

QBO effects on the diurnal tide in the upper atmosphere

Seasonal variations of the semi-diurnal and diurnal tides in the MLT: multi-year MF radar observations from 2–70° N, modelled tides (GSWM, CMAM)

Transient eastward-propagating long-period waves observed over the South Pole

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