A Global Overview of β-lactam Resistance Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, commonly associated with nosocomial infections. This pathogen is a serious public health problem as some of its strains are resistant to about 95% antimicrobials of the pharmaceutical market. This resistance is promoted by the production of the β-lactamase extended spectrum (ESBL) enzymes, one of the major causes of therapeutic failure. This review evaluated the incidence and distribution of resistance genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae to β-lactams worldwide. Our study was conducted with the subject the organism K. pneumoniae and β-lactamic resistance. The most reported genes were blaSHV-12, blaCTX-M-2 and blaSHV-5; with blaSHV-12 being the most described. The last two were present in all continents, characterizing its cosmopolitan profiles. The greatest genetic diversity was observed in the Asian and Oceania, where 41 different genes were isolated. Additionally, our review points out the coexistence of different classes of β-lactamases in a single bacterial isolate. Finally, knowledge of mechanisms associated with resistance of K. pneumoniae is of great public interest and the verification of resistance genes shows a variation over time and location highlights the importance of evaluating the mechanisms or strategies by which these variations occur.

Therapeutic Effect and Mechanisms of the Novel Monosulfactam 0073

“…K. pneumoniae isolates that produce ␤-lactamases are found worldwide and have led to countless infection outbreaks (34). Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae infection caused 42.14% mortality in patients (35).…”

Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Companion Animals in Korea

“…Moreover, ST11, ST15, ST307, and ST392 strains have been globally identified as β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella spp. [ 9 , 20 , 21 ]. β-Lactamase-producing ST275 or ST273 strains among…”

High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Ethiopia

“…The most reported β-lactamase genes among K. pneumoniae worldwide were bla SHV-12 , bla CTX-M-2 , and bla SHV-5 . Furthermore, occurrence of the bla NDM-1 gene carrying K. pneumoniae has been reported in all continents [ 12 ]. In Ethiopia, in a recent systematic review and meta-analysis, the pooled estimates of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was 64.3% (95% CI: 47.0–81.5) [ 13 ].…”

“…Continuous global dissemination of multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant K. pneumoniae, with superior ability to cause multi-continent outbreaks, have been noted [ 3 , 6 ]. Some of K. pneumoniae strains are resistant to about 95% of antimicrobials of the pharmaceutical market in the world [ 12 ]. However, to the best of our knowledge, studies emphasizing the degree of drug resistance in K. pneumoniae in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia, are still limited.…”