A global assessment of the male predominance in esophageal adenocarcinoma

Xie, Shao-Hua; Lagergren, Jesper

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.9113

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The average male-to-female ratio is 3-to-1 for OSCC and 6-to-1 for OAC, although this ratio varies greatly across geographical regions. 3,4 Many patients with OSCC have a history of heavy tobacco and alcohol use, while patients with OAC may be obese and have chronic gastrooesophageal reflux disease.…”

Section: Clinical Presentation Signs and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oesophageal cancer

et al. 2017

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SummaryOesophageal cancer is a clinically challenging disease requiring a multidisciplinary approach.The extensive treatment may be associated with serious limitations in health-related quality of life and yet still a poor prognosis. Recent decades have witnessed a gradual improvement in prognosis in many countries. Endoscopic procedures have increasingly been used in the treatment of premalignant and early oesophageal tumours. Neoadjuvant therapy with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy has supplemented surgery as standard treatment of locally advanced oesophageal cancer. Surgery has become more standardised and centralised. There are several therapeutic alternatives for palliative treatment. This review aims to provide insights into the current clinical management, on-going controversies and future needs in oesophageal cancer.3

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Section: Clinical Presentation Signs and Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oesophageal cancer

et al. 2017

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“…In the United States of America (USA), 76% of cases of adenocarcinoma from 1973 to 2012 have occurred in white males (11). Exceptions to this trend include Iran, where the incidence of EAC is thought to be similar in males and females (12).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of esophageal cancer

Abbas¹,

Krasna²

2017

Ann. Cardiothorac. Surg.

177

168

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Esophageal cancer is a male-dominant aggressive malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the two predominant histological subtypes with varying geographical and racial distribution. Globally, squamous cell carcinoma remains the most common histological type. In Western countries, however, adenocarcinoma has become the leading histological subtype, corresponding to a rise in the incidence of obesity, gastro-esophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus. The risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma conferred by Barrett's esophagus depends on factors such as genomic instability, race and gender of the patient. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary team approach and optimal therapy is still debated. Endoscopic therapies, including radiofrequency ablation, endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic sub mucosal dissection, have become the standard treatment modality for Barrett's esophagus and early carcinoma. Multimodal treatment, which includes chemotherapy, radiation therapy followed by surgical resection or without surgical resection, in varying orders remains the main mode of treatment for most patients. Minimally invasive surgical approaches have become the standard for esophagectomy and the current literature has demonstrated similar oncological outcomes with reduced morbidity. Recently, there has been a modest improvement in the overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer.

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“…3,8 The male-to-female ratio has remained fairly stable over time in most populations. 8 Barrett's oesophagus, the premalignant condition of OAC, is also characterised by substantial male predominance, suggesting that the sex disparity may begin early on in the disease pathway. 9 The strong male predominance in OAC is not explained by the relatively equal population prevalence of main risk factors or their similarly sized associations with OAC across the sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social group disparities in the incidence and prognosis of oesophageal cancer

Xie

Lagergren

2018

United European Gastroenterology Journal

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There are substantial disparities in the incidence and prognosis of oesophageal cancer across social population groups, including sex, race/ethnicity, geographical location and socio-economic status. Both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus are more common in men than in women, but the male predominance in adenocarcinoma is stronger and less well understood. The varying incidence and prognosis of oesophageal cancer across racial/ethnic groups show distinct patterns by histological type. Individuals residing in rural areas have a higher incidence and worse prognosis than those in urban areas in developing regions. Lower socio-economic status is associated with an increased incidence and reduced survival in oesophageal cancer. Sustained research identifying novel preventive and therapeutic strategies are needed to reduce the risk of oesophageal cancer and improve the prognosis in all social groups.

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A global assessment of the male predominance in esophageal adenocarcinoma

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Oesophageal cancer

Oesophageal cancer

Overview of esophageal cancer

Social group disparities in the incidence and prognosis of oesophageal cancer

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