A Glial-Derived Protein, S100B, in Neonates and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease: Evidence for Preexisting Neurologic Injury

Abstract

Neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and no forward flow in the ascending aorta may have brain injury at birth before heart surgery.

Measurement of Blood Flow Index During Antegrade Selective Cerebral Perfusion with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Newborn Piglets

“…However, our results should exclusively be transferred to neonates with normal cerebral circulation, but not to children with left-sided obstructive lesions, since impaired brain development, delayed brain myelination and disabled cerebral circulation have been reported in these patients. 32,33 …”

Outcome Following Cardiopulmonary Arrest

“…A serum S-100B level of 0.7 mg/L or greater had a 5% false-positive rate for poor outcome [48]. There are no data evaluating these biomarkers following pediatric CPA, but data in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass suggest that S-100B may be a sensitive marker of brain injury [49]. Clearly, evaluation of these biomarkers in an adequately powered trial is desirable to determine if any of them will prove to be a useful outcome predictor.…”

Surrogate Markers for Neurological Outcome in Children After Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest

“…Bokesch et al compared the S-100β levels at 24-hours postoperatively to preoperative values and found that postoperative increases did not correlate with 30 day mortality. 21 Erb et al and Lardner et al both examined the application of a delayed or persistent elevation of the protein as a marker for neurological injury. Erb et al identified two children with postoperative neurologic injury who did not have an increased S-100β level, but did identify a 7-day delayed rise in S-100β associated with new-onset seizure activity in one subject, suggesting that S-100β can be a screening tool for postoperative seizures that can be difficult to detect clinically in the early postoperative period.…”