A glass-coated tungsten microelectrode enclosing optical fibers for optogenetic exploration in primate deep brain structures

Tamura, Keita; Ohashi, Yohei; Tsubota, Tadashi; Takeuchi, Daigo; Hirabayashi, Toshiyuki; Yaguchi, Masatsugu; Matsuyama, Makoto; Sekine, Takeru; Miyashita, Yasushi

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.08.004

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previous attempts to address one of these concerns have come at the expense of the other. Bundles of fibers illuminate larger volumes, but the increased penetration diameter leads to greater tissue and vascular damage, because the damage is proportional to fiber diameter (19,(44)(45)(46)(47)(48). Tapered glass fibers reduce penetration damage, but narrowly focus light to tiny illumination areas (<100 μm 2 ) (13,49).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

FEF inactivation with improved optogenetic methods

Acker

Pino

Boyden

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

114

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Optogenetic methods have been highly effective for suppressing neural activity and modulating behavior in rodents, but effects have been much smaller in primates, which have much larger brains. Here, we present a suite of technologies to use optogenetics effectively in primates and apply these tools to a classic question in oculomotor control. First, we measured light absorption and heat propagation in vivo, optimized the conditions for using the red-light-shifted halorhodopsin Jaws in primates, and developed a large-volume illuminator to maximize light delivery with minimal heating and tissue displacement. Together, these advances allowed for nearly universal neuronal inactivation across more than 10 mm 3 of the cortex. Using these tools, we demonstrated large behavioral changes (i.e., up to several fold increases in error rate) with relatively low light power densities (≤100 mW/mm 2 ) in the frontal eye field (FEF). Pharmacological inactivation studies have shown that the FEF is critical for executing saccades to remembered locations. FEF neurons increase their firing rate during the three epochs of the memory-guided saccade task: visual stimulus presentation, the delay interval, and motor preparation. It is unclear from earlier work, however, whether FEF activity during each epoch is necessary for memory-guided saccade execution. By harnessing the temporal specificity of optogenetics, we found that FEF contributes to memory-guided eye movements during every epoch of the memory-guided saccade task (the visual, delay, and motor periods).primate | optogenetics | FEF | Jaws | memory-guided saccade T he frontal eye field (FEF) is an important brain area for making saccades to remembered locations. FEF neurons increase their firing rate during three epochs of memory-guided saccades: (i) target presentation, (ii) delay period, and (iii) motor preparation. Pharmacological inactivation of the FEF impairs memory-guided saccades (1-7), but because pharmacological inactivation inhibits all FEF neuronal activity, it is unclear if the FEF's role is specific to one or more task epochs (8,9). By selectively inactivating the FEF during each task epoch, we can determine whether visual-, delay-, or motor-related firing (or some combination of the three types of firing) contributes to memory-guided saccades.The ideal tool for this study is optogenetics, which allows for millisecond-precise, light-driven neuronal control. Unfortunately, although optogenetics is widely used to study functional physiology and disease models in rodents and invertebrates, technical challenges have limited the use of optogenetics in the nonhuman primate brain, which has a volume ∼100-fold larger than the rodent brain (10). Pioneering studies in monkeys reported small behavioral effects with excitatory (11-14) and inhibitory opsins (15-17). These studies used large light power densities (several hundreds of milliwatts per square meter to 20 W/mm 2 ) but illuminated only small volumes, at most 1 mm 3 , due to both the chosen wavelength and light-deliver...

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

FEF inactivation with improved optogenetic methods

Acker

Pino

Boyden

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other mammalian models and targeting tissues include rat (e.g., cardiac muscles, (Jia et al, 2011); cerebellum, (Tsubota et al, 2011); prefrontal cortex, (Chen et al, 2013) and nonhuman primates (Han et al, 2009; Tamura et al, 2012). In primate, the delivery of gene-carrying vectors and optical stimulation system through the thick dura mater is a big challenge (Ruiz et al, 2013).…”

Section: Optogeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photons and neurons

Richter

Tan

2014

Hearing Research

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Methods to control neural activity by light have been introduced to the field of neuroscience. During the last decade, several techniques have been established, including optogenetics, thermogenetics, and infrared neural stimulation. The techniques allow investigators to turn-on or turn-off neural activity. This review is an attempt to show the importance of the techniques for the auditory field and provide insight in the similarities, overlap, and differences of the techniques. Discussing the mechanism of each of the techniques will shed light on the abilities and challenges for each of the techniques. The field has been grown tremendously and a review cannot be complete. However, efforts are made to summarize the important points and to refer the reader to excellent papers and reviews to specific topics.

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“…Moreover, despite the wide range of proposed devices, only a few have been tested in vivo (Hayashi et al., 2012; Kim et al, 2013; Royer et al, 2010; Stark et al, 2012; Tamura et al, 2012). These devices are also quite invasive due to the large number of implanted waveguides, oversized optical components, blunt inserting edges and potentially high temperatures generated by implanted electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multipoint-Emitting Optical Fibers for Spatially Addressable In Vivo Optogenetics

Sileo

Oldenburg

Pisanello

et al. 2014

Neuron

175

149

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Summary Optical stimulation and silencing of neural activity is a powerful technique for elucidating the structure and function of neural circuitry. In most in vivo optogenetic experiments, light is delivered into the brain through a single optical fiber. However, this approach limits illumination to a fixed volume of the brain. Here a focused ion beam is used to pattern multiple light windows on a tapered optical fiber. We show that such fibers allow selective and dynamical illumination of different brain regions along the taper. Site selection is achieved by a simple coupling strategy at the fiber input, and the use of a single tapered waveguide minimizes the implant invasiveness. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for multipoint optical stimulation in the mammalian brain in vivo by coupling the fiber to a microelectrode array and performing simultaneous extracellular recording and stimulation at multiple sites in the mouse striatum and cerebral cortex.

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A glass-coated tungsten microelectrode enclosing optical fibers for optogenetic exploration in primate deep brain structures

Cited by 66 publications

References 37 publications

FEF inactivation with improved optogenetic methods

FEF inactivation with improved optogenetic methods

Photons and neurons

Multipoint-Emitting Optical Fibers for Spatially Addressable In Vivo Optogenetics

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