A GIS-Based Evacuation Route Planning in Flood-Susceptible Area of Siraha Municipality, Nepal

Parajuli, Gaurav; Neupane, Shankar; Kunwar, Sandeep; Adhikari, Ramesh; Acharya, Tri Dev

doi:10.3390/ijgi12070286

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Flood susceptibility risk maps prepared using geographic information systems and multi-criteria analysis have been shown to closely resemble historical flood ranges [49]. These maps are crucial for determining evacuation routes in highly flood-prone areas [50]. Additionally, flood risk maps have been utilized to identify hotspots that are highly susceptible to flooding and potential sources of pollutant contaminants [51].…”

Section: Influence Of Climate Seasonality and Floodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Dynamics of Cryptosporidium in Urban Surface Water: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment and Insights into Climatic and Seasonal Influences

Bilal,

Li,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Water

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In response to global urbanization and economic development, urban surface water pollution has become a universal challenge and particularly affects densely populated megacities, and Dhaka is no exception. The discharge of 98% of untreated domestic sewage and massive volumes of industrial wastewater from over 7000 industries escalate surface water crises. This study investigates microbial and fecal contamination with particular emphasis on Cryptosporidium in surface water, known for causing waterborne diseases, such as cryptosporidiosis. Findings reveal high Cryptosporidium oocyst concentrations and fecal contamination in various water bodies in Dhaka City. Among the investigated water bodies, the Buriganga River exhibits the highest Cryptosporidium oocyst concentration (46%), while the Balu River, Turag River, Shitalakkhya River, Dhanmondi Lake, Gulshan Lake, Banani Lake, Ramna Lake, and Crescent Lake also present high levels of oocyst concentrations ranging from 21–40%. This study also calculated infection risks and found that the infection risk of swimming is highest during the wet season and is (3.9 ± 2.2 (95% CI: 3.0–5.0)) × 10−2 per swimming event, whereas it is approximately (2.4 ± 1.9 (95% CI: 1.6–3.3)) × 10−2 during the dry season. Annual diving risks are approximately (1.2 ± 0.6 (95% CI: 0.9–1.4)) × 10−2, indicating considerably high risks. Most of the sampling sites generally show significantly higher risks than other study areas like the Mymensingh and Kushtia Districts. In light of these results, we strongly recommend immediate measures to address water quality issues and mitigate the risks associated with Cryptosporidium contamination in Dhaka’s surface water.

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Section: Influence Of Climate Seasonality and Floodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Dynamics of Cryptosporidium in Urban Surface Water: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment and Insights into Climatic and Seasonal Influences

Bilal,

Li,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Water

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“…The exercise of travelling by car has a dynamic speed depending on the speed limits of the localities. The service area shows the road networks that can be reached within different times, in minutes from the assembly points, and have been applied in evacuation route planning in disaster-susceptible areas (disasters such as floods and tsunamis) [52,53]. These outputs were then cross-referenced with the urban-forest interfaces of the two municipalities to find the travel times between these contact areas and the refuges and shelters.…”

Section: Spatial Variability In Wildfire Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning Wildfire Evacuation in the Wildland–Urban Interfaces of Central Portugal

Nunes,

Pinto,

Figueiredo

et al. 2024

Fire

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In recent decades, wildfires have become common disasters that threaten people’s lives and assets, particularly in wildland–urban interfaces (WUIs). Developing an effective evacuation strategy for a WUI presents challenges to emergency planners because of the spatial variations in biophysical hazards and social vulnerability. The aim of this study was to map priority WUIs in terms of evacuation. The factors considered were the seriousness of the risk of wildfire exposure, and the population centres whose greatest constraints on the evacuation process stemmed from the nature of the exposed population and the time required to travel to the nearest shelter/refuge. An integrated framework linking wildfire hazard, social vulnerability, and the time taken to travel by foot or by car to the nearest refuge/shelter was applied. The study area includes two municipalities (Lousã and Sertã) in the mountainous areas of central Portugal that are in high-wildfire-risk areas and have very vulnerable and scattered pockets of exposed population. The combination of wildfire risk and travelling time to the nearest shelters made it possible to identify 20% of the WUIs that were priority areas for evacuation in the case of Sertã. In the case of Lousã, 3.4% were identified, because they were highly exposed to wildfire risk and had a travelling time to the nearest shelter of more than 15 min on foot. These results can assist in designing effective pre-fire planning, based on fuel management strategies and/or managing an effective and safe evacuation.

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“…On the other hand, GIS-based route planning has also attracted much attention [8,9,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Ak and Bozkaya [8] utilized ArcMap to apply different route planning models and to visualize the hazmat transportation routes on the map.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis results indicated that the optimal transportation routes are different for the shortest path and the least vulnerable analyses. Other research groups [17][18][19][20] investigated GIS-based evacuation route planning during disasters, which is not the focus of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GIS-Based Damage Evaluation Method for Explosives Road Transportation Accidents

Zhao,

Liu,

et al. 2023

IJGI

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The road transportation of explosives is highly concerning due to its substantial impact on social safety. For the safety management of explosive transportation, e.g., transport route planning and emergency rescue, explosion consequence evaluation is of paramount importance. The consequence evaluation of explosion accidents is affected by many factors, especially spatial features, such as the location of transport vehicles, the distribution of buildings, and the presence of individuals around the road, etc. However, there is still a lack of quantification methods for building damage evaluation, human casualty evaluation that considers real-time population density, and efficient interactive damage evaluation methods. In this paper, we formalize three typical scenarios of damage evaluation for explosive road transportation accidents, i.e., explosion point-based, road segment-based, and route-based damage evaluation. For each scenario, we propose a Height-aware Hierarchical Building Damage (HHBD) model and a Shelter-aware Human Casualty (SHC) model for building damage evaluation and human casualty evaluation, respectively. We also develop a GIS-based interactive visualization platform that integrates multi-source geospatial data and that enables efficient geospatial computation. In addition, a case study of liquefied natural gas (LNG) transportation in Wuhan is demonstrated in order to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed system. The research results can support the decision-making process of explosive transportation safety warnings and emergency rescue.

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A GIS-Based Evacuation Route Planning in Flood-Susceptible Area of Siraha Municipality, Nepal

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Unveiling the Dynamics of Cryptosporidium in Urban Surface Water: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment and Insights into Climatic and Seasonal Influences

Unveiling the Dynamics of Cryptosporidium in Urban Surface Water: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment and Insights into Climatic and Seasonal Influences

Planning Wildfire Evacuation in the Wildland–Urban Interfaces of Central Portugal

A GIS-Based Damage Evaluation Method for Explosives Road Transportation Accidents

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