A Giant Solitary Adrenal Plasmacytoma in a Patient with HIV: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) involving the adrenal gland is an extremely rare malignancy. We report a case of a solitary adrenal plasmacytoma in an HIV-positive 50-year-old woman on antiretroviral therapy who presented with a rapidly progressing lumbar left masse. A CT scan objectified a locally advanced left adrenal mass measuring 135mm long axis. A biopsy was taken, and the histopathology with the immunohistochemical study objectified an adrenal gland plasmacytoma. The skeletal survey and the sternal suction biopsy did not show any abnormalities. The diagnosis of a solitary EMP of the adrenal gland was made. There are only 10 cases of solitary adrenal plasmacytoma with only one case associated with an HIV-positive patient reported in the literature. Therefore, this paper is aimed at presenting the second case of an HIV-positive patient diagnosed with solitary adrenal plasmacytoma.

In correspondence to “Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma presenting as an adrenal tumor: case report and literature review”

“…The reason of this confusion was because these cases published nearly at the same period of time. But interestingly we found few extra cases published close to our publication's period (3,4), as well as we had missed a case published in 2016 by Cao et al because of the same author's name who had published two different cases of SEMP in nearly two years of time (5).…”

“…We have published this interesting and rare case report in Gland Surgery in 2021 entitled "Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma presenting as an adrenal tumor: case report and literature review" (1). As we had claimed that the case was extremely rare and the published article was the number 10 th case of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEMP) in the adrenal gland; the same was claimed by some other authors too at that time (2,3). The reason of this confusion was because these cases published nearly at the same period of time.…”

Plasmacytoma of the Eyelid in an HIV-Positive Patient

“…There are only few reports of extramedullary plasmacytoma in HIV-positive patients published in the literature, including those involving the kidney, testis, adrenal, and oral cavity [8][9][10][11][12]. Hematolymphoid tumors are a subset of HIV-related malignancies which are acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)defining malignancies.…”