A German catalogue of archaeomagnetic data

Schnepp, Elisabeth; Pucher, Rudolf; Reinders, Jan; Hambach, Ulrich; Soffel, H.; Hedley, Ian

doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.2004.02163.x

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Gómez Paccard et al 2006;Catanzariti et al 2008). However, our ashes values are in the range of hearths and fireplaces (Schnepp & Pucher 1998;Schnepp et al 2004), burnt soils (Linford & Canti 2001) and very similar to those obtained by Jordanova et al (2004) and Herries et al (2008) in Neolithic and medieval Bulgarian ovens, respectively.…”

Section: E X P E R I M E N Ta L R E S U Lt S a N D I N T E R P R E Tamentioning

confidence: 65%

Rock-magnetic analyses as a tool to investigate archaeological fired sediments: a case study of Mirador cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Carrancho

Villalaín

Angelucci

et al. 2009

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YHere we report a detailed mineral magnetic study of Neolithic burnt levels in the Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain) to reconstruct the burning history and to investigate their suitability for archaeomagnetic purposes. As a consequence of the ancient burning, a characteristic facies sequence was developed along the Holocene stratigraphy. From top to bottom it includes: (i) 2-10 cm ash layers, (ii) ∼2 cm underlying rubefied layers and (iii) clay, mainly unburnt and of variable thickness. In some cases a thermally altered facies (2-6 cm) with a heterogeneous texture was identified (facies TF), usually between rubefactions and the unburnt levels. 126 oriented samples from 4 units (MIR12, 15, 18 and 21) and a 2 m section, all comprised between units MIR21 (6380 ± 40 14 C BP) and MIR9 (5090 ± 40 14 C BP) were analysed with rock magnetic methods. In addition, bulk sediment from each facies that comprise the Neolithic sequence was investigated. Measurements included: stepwise alternating field and thermal demagnetization of natural remanent magnetization (NRM), viscosity experiments, determination of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS), the susceptibility frequency dependence at room temperature and determination of the temperature dependence of the susceptibility. Additional experiments consisted in the determination of the behaviour of anhysteretic and isothermal (IRM) remanences, magnetic hysteresis loops, first-order-reversal-curve diagrams, and thermal demagnetization of threeaxial IRM. It appeared that the facies all show a fairly similar magnetic mineralogy and grain size dominated by low-titanium magnetite that is often partially maghaemitized. Main differences constitute the amount of superparamagnetic particles that is higher in unburnt strata concurring with a less well-defined NRM behaviour. The magnetic mineral concentration is notably higher in ashes. This homogeneity strongly suggests that similar sources and burial conditions prevailed during Neolithic times. Agreeing with archaeological observations and favoured by rapid burial conditions, very limited alterations have been deduced. AMS data revealed the absence of fluid flow in the ash lenses sampled. Demagnetization revealed a stable single NRM component in ashes, a single or two-component NRM in rubefactions and less stable multicomponent behaviour in clays. In ashes, magnetic minerals are likely secondary in origin formed by low-temperature oxidization soon after burning. Although this thermochemical nature of the NRM invalidates the use of these sediments for palaeointensity studies, archaeomagnetic (directional) data can be successfully obtained because the burning and oxidation are closely confined in time.

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Section: E X P E R I M E N Ta L R E S U Lt S a N D I N T E R P R E Tamentioning

confidence: 65%

Rock-magnetic analyses as a tool to investigate archaeological fired sediments: a case study of Mirador cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Carrancho

Villalaín

Angelucci

et al. 2009

Geophysical Journal International

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“…Daly and Le Goff's (1996) analysis of palaeosecular directional variations was restricted to the last 2000 yr, for which most data were available. Recent work on the direction variations have been made in Germany (respectively, Schnepp et al 2003, 2004), in Hungary (Márton 2003), in France over the first millennium bc (Gallet et al 2002), in Belgium (Hus & Geeraerts 1998), in USA (Labelle & Eighmy 1997), and also on the intensity variations in France over the past 2000 yr (Chauvin et al 2000; Genevey & Gallet 2002) and in the Eastern Mediterranean over the past 8000 yr (Genevey et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical modelling of archaeomagnetic data and curve estimation by moving average technique

Lanos¹,

Goff

Kovacheva

et al. 2005

Geophysical Journal International

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105

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ISSN : 0956-540XInternational audienceA Bayesian hierarchical modelling is proposed for the different sources of scatter occurring in archaeomagnetism, which follows the natural hierarchical sampling process implemented by laboratories in field. A comparison is made with the stratified statistics commonly used up to now. The Bayesian statistics corrects the disturbance resulting from the variability in the number of specimens taken from each sample or site. There is no need to publish results at sample level if a descending hierarchy is verified. In this case, often verified by archaeomagnetic data, only results at site level are useful for geomagnetic reference curve building. Typically, a study with at least 20 samples will give an α95i 5 per cent close to the optimal α95i for a fixed site number mi and if errors are random with zero mean (no systematic errors). The precision on the curve itself is essentially controlled, through hierarchical elliptic statistics, by the number of reference points per window and by dating errors, rather than by the confidence angles α95ij at site level (if a descending hierarchy). The Bayesian elliptic distribution proposed reveals the influence of the window width. The moving average technique is well adapted to numerous and very well dated data evenly distributed along time. It is not a global functional approach, but a (linear) local one

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“…• E) and gray diamonds of archeomagnetic data compiled for Germany by Schnepp et al (2004). Labels (letters) are given for some locations referred to in the text.…”

Section: Gufm1 and Its Data Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

A historical declination curve for Munich from different data sources

Korte

Mandéa

Matzka

2009

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

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Long series of geomagnetic field changes are important for studying processes in the Earth's core. We have compiled 635 historical declination values for southern Germany and sur- More or less regular impulses, on a decadal time-scale ranging from 30 to 60 years, are identified for most of the time interval 1400 to 2000, but the century from about 1760 to 1860 seems to be devoid of sudden secular variation changes.

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A German catalogue of archaeomagnetic data

Cited by 44 publications

References 19 publications

Rock-magnetic analyses as a tool to investigate archaeological fired sediments: a case study of Mirador cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Rock-magnetic analyses as a tool to investigate archaeological fired sediments: a case study of Mirador cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Hierarchical modelling of archaeomagnetic data and curve estimation by moving average technique

A historical declination curve for Munich from different data sources

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