A Geospatial Semantic Enrichment and Query Service for Geotagged Photographs

Abstract

With the increasing abundance of technologies and smart devices, equipped with a multitude of sensors for sensing the environment around them, information creation and consumption has now become effortless. This, in particular, is the case for photographs with vast amounts being created and shared every day. For example, at the time of this writing, Instagram users upload 70 million photographs a day. Nevertheless, it still remains a challenge to discover the “right” information for the appropriate purpose. This paper describes an approach to create semantic geospatial metadata for photographs, which can facilitate photograph search and discovery. To achieve this we have developed and implemented a semantic geospatial data model by which a photograph can be enrich with geospatial metadata extracted from several geospatial data sources based on the raw low-level geo-metadata from a smartphone photograph. We present the details of our method and implementation for searching and querying the semantic geospatial metadata repository to enable a user or third party system to find the information they are looking for.

Geographic Information Metadata—An Outlook from the International Standardization Perspective

“…Kalantari et al [50] propose an approach to create metadata automatically for volunteered geospatial information (VGI) by implicit and explicit involvement and interaction of users. Ennis et al [52] describe an automated approach for creating semantic geospatial metadata for photographs, which can facilitate photograph search and discovery.…”

Educing knowledge from text: semantic information extraction of spatial concepts and places

“…It is used for information organization, semantic search, and ontology development and population. Semantic enrichment has been used to add semantic metadata to different types of content, such as unstructured documents (Pernelle, 2016), maps (Hu et al, 2015), images (Ennis et al, 2015;Tardy et al, 2016) and videos (Nixon et al, 2013).…”

A Review of Geospatial Semantic Information Modeling and Elicitation Approaches

“…It is used for information organization and retrieval, semantic search and knowledge discovery, and ontology development and population. Semantic enrichment has been used to add semantic metadata to different types of content, including: unstructured documents [132], maps [133], images [134,135]), metadata [136], and videos [137]. Semantic metadata describe the meaning of content in terms of abstract concepts and entities, such as people, things, and places.…”