A Geometry Effect of Carbon Nanomaterials on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate/Magnesium Hydroxide Composites

Abstract

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of carbon nanomaterials with different geometries on improving the flame retardancy of magnesium hydroxide–filled ethylene-vinyl acetate (EM). The thermal stability and flame retardancy were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test, and cone calorimeter test (CCT). The in situ temperature monitoring system and interrupted combustion offered direct evidence to link flame retardancy and composite structure. Results demonstrated that carbon nanomaterials enhanced the thermal stability and fire safety of EM. The geometry of carbon nanomaterials played a key role in synergistic flame retardancy of EM, with the flame-retardant order of carbon nanotube > nanoscale carbon black > graphene. Based on an online temperature monitoring system and interrupted combustion test, one-dimensional carbon nanotube was more inclined to form the network structure synergistically with magnesium hydroxide in ethylene-vinyl acetate, which facilitated the generation of more continuous char structure during combustion. In parallel, the mechanical property was characterized by a tensile test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The incorporation of carbon nanomaterials presented a limited effect on the mechanical properties of the EM system.

Synergistic Effect of Cerium Oxide for Improving the Fire-Retardant, Mechanical and Ultraviolet-Blocking Properties of EVA/Magnesium Hydroxide Composites

“…Its specific tensile curves and the key parameters tendency are all shown in Figure 7 . Usually, the tensile strength of the polymeric materials is severely affected when MDH is added as a major flame retardant [ 39 ], therefore the ability to reverse this effect by generating an increased tensile strength up to 5% of CeO 2 represents a very high functionality in this type of material, and this is because the CeO 2 promotes the mechanical stability of the material by generating better dispersion and combination with the polymer matrix.…”

Non-Chloride in Situ Preparation of Nano-Cuprous Oxide and Its Effect on Heat Resistance and Combustion Properties of Calcium Alginate

“…This can further improve the flame retardancy of the material. The morphological difference was related to the carbonized layer formation of the CuO-promoted material at high temperature [11,28].…”

“…It is well known that the goal of developing hybrid materials is to improve the functionality of the hybrid material by creating a synergistic effect through the interaction between two phases [13,28,29,30], and the flame-retardant properties of the inherently flame-retardant calcium alginate can be further improved by adding inorganic nanoparticles [31,32,33,34,35]. In order to overcome the defects caused by the agglomeration of inorganic nanoparticles due to the mechanical addition method [34], previous research on preparing calcium alginate-based hybrid materials by in situ methods have been reported [31,32,33].…”

Clays as Inhibitors of Polyurethane Foams’ Flammability

“…The use of hydroxides as flame retardants, besides numerous advantages, also has disadvantages. A disadvantage is a necessity of using the compounds in high concentrations (often over 50%), which significantly contributes to the deterioration of the mechanical performance [99].…”