A geometric morphometric analysis of acetabular shape of the primate hip joint in relation to locomotor behaviour

San-Millán, Marta; Kaliontzopoulou, Antigoni; Rissech, Carme; Turbón, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.03.007

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Homo has narrower acetabulae than other great apes, with expanded cranial lunate surfaces, as well as shortened dorsal surfaces, which result in a distinctively shaped dorso‐cranially expanded lunate surface that may restrict movement in the parasagittal plane (San Millán et al. ). Furthermore, in Homo the iliofemoral ligament limits extension and external rotation (Myers et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trabecular architecture of the great ape and human femoral head

et al. 2019

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Studies of femoral trabecular structure have shown that the orientation and volume of bone are associated with variation in loading and could be informative about individual joint positioning during locomotion. In this study, we analyse for the first time trabecular bone patterns throughout the femoral head using a wholeepiphysis approach to investigate how potential trabecular variation in humans and great apes relates to differences in locomotor modes. Trabecular architecture was analysed using microCT scans of Pan troglodytes (n = 20), Gorilla gorilla (n = 14), Pongo sp. (n = 5) and Homo sapiens (n = 12) in MEDTOOL 4.1. Our results revealed differences in bone volume fraction (BV/TV) distribution patterns, as well as overall trabecular parameters of the femoral head between great apes and humans. Pan and Gorilla showed two regions of high BV/TV in the femoral head, consistent with hip posture and loading during two discrete locomotor modes: knuckle-walking and climbing. Most Pongo specimens also displayed two regions of high BV/TV, but these regions were less discrete and there was more variability across the sample. In contrast, Homo showed only one main region of high BV/TV in the femoral head and had the lowest BV/TV, as well as the most anisotropic trabeculae. The Homo trabecular structure is consistent with stereotypical loading with a more extended hip compared with great apes, which is characteristic of modern human bipedalism. Our results suggest that holistic evaluations of femoral head trabecular architecture can reveal previously undetected patterns linked to locomotor behaviour in extant apes and can provide further insight into hip joint loading in fossil hominins and other primates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of significant differences in BV/TV and DA with Pan can perhaps be explained by the similar shape of their hip joints (San Millán et al. ) and overall similarities in locomotion (Doran, ). None of great apes differed significantly in DA, despite clear differences in locomotor behaviours and hip morphology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trabecular architecture of the great ape and human femoral head

et al. 2019

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“…Orangutans have concomitant features of the femur, acetabulum, and soft tissues around the hip joint that permit high levels of hip mobility. They have a unique acetabular shape compared to other hominoids, with a smaller acetabular fossa, narrower acetabular notch, and less coverage of the dorsal and caudal surfaces of the femoral head by the lunate surface (MacLatchy and Bossert, ; San Millán et al, ). Orangutans also have a shallow or “open” acetabulum (MacLatchy and Bossert, ), which allows the femur to assume more positions within the acetabulum than in primates with deeper acetabulae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anatomical configuration described by Crelin () is unlike any other known primate in that the LTF does not insert on the center of the femoral head, but rather along the ventral margin of the femoral head. Few researchers have had the opportunity to dissect and/or publish notes on orangutan hip dissections, and so most researchers accept Crelin's () observation that orangutans have a LTF that is structurally different from other primates (Crelin, ; MacLatchy and Bossert, ; San Millán et al, ; Ward, ). Both the LTF and pubofemoral ligament share a close association with the described origin and insertion of LTF as defined by Crelin (), but neither were clearly defined or figured by Crelin ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ligamentum teres femoris in orangutans

Muchlinski

Hammond

Deane

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Despite being absent in adults, the LTF is present in at least some orangutans during infancy. We suggest that the LTF maintains a role in blood supply to the femoral head early in life. Because the LTF can limit hip mobility, this may explain why the LTF may be lost as an orangutan ages and gains locomotor independence. These findings enhance our understanding of orangutan hip morphology and underscore the need for future soft tissue investigations.

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“…In our case, animals were completely anesthetized and head position was easily handled and positioned. Note, however, that differences across photographs of the same individual have been shown to constitute a minor source of shape variation, as compared to other sources, when a strict positioning protocol is followed (e.g., San Millán et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-invasive geometric morphometrics method for exploring variation in dorsal head shape in urodeles: sexual dimorphism and geographic variation inSalamandra salamandra

Alarcón-Ríos

Velo‐Antón

Kaliontzopoulou

2017

Journal of Morphology

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The study of morphological variation among and within taxa can shed light on the evolution of phenotypic diversification. In the case of urodeles, the dorso-ventral view of the head captures most of the ontogenetic and evolutionary variation of the entire head, which is a structure with a high potential for being a target of selection due to its relevance in ecological and social functions. Here, we describe a non-invasive procedure of geometric morphometrics for exploring morphological variation in the external dorso-ventral view of urodeles' head. To explore the accuracy of the method and its potential for describing morphological patterns we applied it to two populations of Salamandra salamandra gallaica from NW Iberia. Using landmark-based geometric morphometrics, we detected differences in head shape between populations and sexes, and an allometric relationship between shape and size. We also determined that not all differences in head shape are due to size variation, suggesting intrinsic shape differences across sexes and populations. These morphological patterns had not been previously explored in S. salamandra, despite the high levels of intraspecific diversity within this species. The methodological procedure presented here allows to detect shape variation at a very fine scale, and solves the drawbacks of using cranial samples, thus increasing the possibilities of using collection specimens and alive animals for exploring dorsal head shape variation and its evolutionary and ecological implications in urodeles. J. Morphol. 278:475-485, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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A geometric morphometric analysis of acetabular shape of the primate hip joint in relation to locomotor behaviour

Cited by 14 publications

References 144 publications

Trabecular architecture of the great ape and human femoral head

Trabecular architecture of the great ape and human femoral head

The ligamentum teres femoris in orangutans

A non-invasive geometric morphometrics method for exploring variation in dorsal head shape in urodeles: sexual dimorphism and geographic variation inSalamandra salamandra

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