A geochronologic framework for the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado

Mahan, Shannon A.; Gray, Harrison J.; Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Wilson, Jim; Lifton, Nathaniel A.; Paces, James B.; Blaauw, Maarten

doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2014.03.004

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Apart from specimens of M. pacificus from Idaho, to our knowledge the described mastodon specimens geographically closest to MOR 605 are specimens of M. americanum from northern Utah (Miller, 1987) and northern Colorado (McDonald et al, 2010;Fisher et al, 2014). M. americanum remains from the Wasatch Plateau in Utah (Miller, 1987) and Snowmass in Colorado (Fisher et al, 2014;Mahan et al, 2014;Sertich et Fig. 3 of Railsback et al (2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The easternmost occurrence ofMammut pacificus(Proboscidea: Mammutidae), based on a partial skull from eastern Montana, USA

McDonald¹,

Atwater

Dooley³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Mammut pacificus is a recently described species of mastodon from the Pleistocene of California and Idaho. We report the easternmost occurrence of this taxon based upon the palate with right and left M3 of an adult male from the Irvingtonian of eastern Montana. The undamaged right M3 exhibits the extreme narrowness that characterizes M. pacificus rather than M. americanum. The Montana specimen dates to an interglacial interval between pre-Illinoian and Illinoian glaciation, perhaps indicating that M. pacificus was extirpated in the region due to habitat shifts associated with glacial encroachment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The easternmost occurrence ofMammut pacificus(Proboscidea: Mammutidae), based on a partial skull from eastern Montana, USA

McDonald¹,

Atwater

Dooley³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…We collected sediment in each river at locations ranging from the headwaters to the mouth. We sampled fine sand under the coarse armor in each channel and sealed the sample in light‐tight containers for processing at the U.S. Geological Survey Luminescence Geochronology Laboratory (Gray et al, ; Mahan et al, ). We measured the sensitivity‐corrected Infrared Stimulated Luminescence at 50° (IR50) and postinfrared Infrared Stimulated Luminescence at 290° (pIR290) for each sample (Thomsen et al, ).…”

Section: Application Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Luminescence‐Based Sediment Transport Model

Gray

Tucker

Mahan

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Quantifying the transport history of sand is a challenging but important goal in geomorphology. In this paper, we take a simple idea that luminescence is bleached during transport and regenerates during storage, and use this as a basis to re‐envision luminescence as a sediment tracer. We apply a mathematical model describing luminescence through an idealized channel and reservoir system and then compare this idealized model to real rivers to see if luminescence can reproduce known sediment transport data. We provide results from application of this luminescence method in three rivers from the mid‐Atlantic region of the United States. This method appears promising. However, as a river system diverges from idealized conditions of the mathematical model, the luminescence data diverge from model predictions. We suggest that spatial variation in the delivery of sediment from hillslopes can be reflected in the channel sediment luminescence and that luminescence acts as a function of landscape dynamics.

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“…This closed drainage basin established a relatively unique environment that resulted in the exceptional preservation of plant material, insects (52), and vertebrate bones (49). In particular, a cranial specimen from extinct Bison latifrons was unearthed from the Biostratigraphic Zone/Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5d, which dates back to ϳ120 ky (53,54).…”

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confidence: 99%

Preserved Proteins from Extinct Bison latifrons Identified by Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Hydroxylysine Glycosides are a Common Feature of Ancient Collagen

Hill

Wither

Nemkov

et al. 2015

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Bone samples from several vertebrates were collected from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, in Snowmass Village, Colorado, and processed for proteomics analysis. The specimens come from Pleistocene megafauna Bison latifrons, dating back ϳ120,000 years. Proteomics analysis using a simplified sample preparation procedure and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was applied to obtain protein identifications. Several bioinformatics resources were used to obtain peptide identifications based on sequence homology to extant species with annotated genomes. With the exception of soil sample controls, all samples resulted in confident peptide identifications that mapped to type I collagen. In addition, we analyzed a specimen from the extinct B. latifrons that yielded peptide identifications mapping to over 33 bovine proteins. Our analysis resulted in extensive fibrillar collagen sequence coverage, including the identification of posttranslational modifications. Hydroxylysine glucosylgalactosylation, a modification thought to be involved in collagen fiber formation and bone mineralization, was identified for the first time in an ancient protein dataset. Meta-analysis of data from other studies indicates that this modification may be common in well-preserved prehistoric samples. Additional peptide sequences from extracellular matrix (ECM) and non-ECM proteins have also been identified for the first time in ancient tissue samples. These data provide a framework for analyzing ancient protein signatures in wellpreserved fossil specimens, while also contributing novel insights into the molecular basis of organic matter preservation. As such, this analysis has unearthed common posttranslational modifications of collagen that may assist in its preservation over time. During the last decade, paleontology and taphonomy (the study of decaying organisms over time and the fossilization processes) have begun to overlap with the field of proteomics to shed new light on preserved organic matter in fossilized bones (1-4). These bones represent a time capsule of ancient biomolecules, owing to their natural resistance to post mortem decay arising from a unique combination of mechanical, structural, and chemical properties (4 -7).Although bones can be cursorily described as a composite of collagen (protein) and hydroxyapatite (mineral), fossilized bones undergo three distinct diagenesis pathways: (i) chemical deterioration of the organic phase; (ii) chemical deterioration of the mineral phase; and (iii) (micro)biological attack of the composite (6). In addition, the rate of these degradation pathways are affected by temperature, as higher burial temperatures have been shown to accelerate these processes (6,8). Though relatively unusual, the first of these three pathways results in a slower deterioration process, which is more generally mitigated under (6) specific environmental constraints, such as geochemical stability (stable temperature and acidity) that promote bone mineral preservation. Importantly, slower deterioration results in more pre...

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A geochronologic framework for the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado

Cited by 32 publications

References 58 publications

The easternmost occurrence ofMammut pacificus(Proboscidea: Mammutidae), based on a partial skull from eastern Montana, USA

The easternmost occurrence ofMammut pacificus(Proboscidea: Mammutidae), based on a partial skull from eastern Montana, USA

Application of a Luminescence‐Based Sediment Transport Model

Preserved Proteins from Extinct Bison latifrons Identified by Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Hydroxylysine Glycosides are a Common Feature of Ancient Collagen

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