A genome-wide analysis of the phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene family in Gossypium

Abstract

Background Cotton ( Gossypium spp.) is the most important natural fiber crop worldwide, and cottonseed oil is its most important byproduct. Phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) is important in TAG biosynthesis, as it catalyzes the transfer of a fatty acyl moiety from the sn -2 position of a phospholipid to the sn -3 position of sn -1, 2-diacylglyerol to form triacylglycerol (TAG) and a lysophospholipid. However, little is known about the genes encoding PDATs involved in cottonseed oil biosynthesis. Results A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of G. hirsutum , G. barbadense , G. arboreum , and G. raimondii herein identified 12, 11, 6 and 6 PDAT s, respectively. These genes were divided into 3 subfamilies, and a PDAT-like subfamily was identified in comparison with dicotyledonous Arabidopsis . All GhPDATs contained one or two LCAT domains at the C-terminus, while most GhPDATs contained a preserved single transmembrane region at the N-terminus. A chromosomal distribution analysis showed that the 12 GhPDAT genes in G. hirsutum were distributed in 10 chromosomes. However, none of the GhPDATs was co-localized with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cottonseed oil content, suggesting that their sequence variations are not genetically associated with the natural variation in cottonseed oil content. Most GhPDATs were expressed during the cottonseed oil accumulation stage. Ectopic expression of GhPDAT1d increased Arabidopsis seed oil content. Conclusions Our comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the cotton PDAT gene family provides a foundation for further studies into the use of PDAT genes to increase cottonseed oil content through biotechnology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5728-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Overexpression of phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase in Brassica napus results in changes in lipid metabolism and oil accumulation

“…In other plants, PDAT may be more important. Thus, in seeds producing highly unsaturated oils such as sunflower, safflower [ 30 ], flax [ 31 ] or cotton [ 32 ], the ability of PDAT to utilise phosphatidylcholine, the site of desaturation reactions, as a direct substrate for TAG formation makes rational sense. Nevertheless, the situation is not entirely straightforward as revealed in a detailed examination of increased expression of DGAT1 or PDAT on seed lipid formation in Camelina sativa [ 33 ].…”

Interspecific Variation in the Unsaturation Level of Seed Oils Were Associated With the Expression Pattern Shifts of Duplicated Desaturase Genes and the Potential Role of Other Regulatory Genes

“…Thus, compared to DGAT, PDAT might contribute more to TAG synthesis in seeds that were high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The increased expression of peony PDAT2 and the PDAT-related gene in P. ostii seemed to support this issue, though functional and expression divergence of PDAT paralogs had been detected in this study and in other plants (Pan et al, 2013(Pan et al, , 2015Zang et al, 2019).…”

Ectopic Expression of Fiber Related Gbwri1 Complements Seed Phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana

“…This loss of function mutant line produces wrinkled seeds and the transcript levels are severely reduced as compared to wild type (Junker et al 2012). Like Atwri1, the seed-expressed Ghwri1 orthologs have been observed regulating seed oil biosynthesis by not only complementing the wri1-7 but also by increasing the seed oil content (Liu et al 2018;Zang et al 2019;Correaa et al 2020). The involvement is further confirmed by the silencing of G. hirsutum wrinkled1 gene which resulted in enhanced cotton fiber length and reduced fatty acid biosynthesis by partitioning the carbon flow (Qu et al 2012).…”