“…In ModQEAbased TFAD, m = V k=1 m k , where V is the total number of parameters of the time-frequency atom g γ (t) and m k is the number of binary bits of the kth parameter in g γ (t). For example, if g γ (t) has four parameters u 1 , u 2 , u 3 , u 4 and each of them is represented by 12 Q-bits, a Q-bit individual or a chromosome (9): 37 · · · α k,48 β k,1 β k,2 · · · β k,12 β k,13 · · · β k,24 β k,25 · · · β k,36 β k,37 · · · β k,48 …”