A Generic Framework for Real-Time Multi-Channel Neuronal Signal Analysis, Telemetry Control, and Sub-Millisecond Latency Feedback Generation

Zrenner, Christoph; Eytan, Danny; Wallach, Avner; Thier, Peter; Marom, Shimon

doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00173

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Nowadays, oscillatory phase angles can be assessed with even higher temporal precision and shorter time delays, thus also allowing to target faster oscillations in real-time (Zrenner et al, 2010, 2015, 2016, Triesch et al, 2015). It needs to be noted however that depending on sampling rates, communication protocols or data pre-processing steps (e.g.…”

Section: Future Perspective: Optimization Of the Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guiding transcranial brain stimulation by EEG/MEG to interact with ongoing brain activity and associated functions: A position paper

Thut

Bergmann

Fröhlich

et al. 2017

Clinical Neurophysiology

229

198

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Non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation (NTBS) techniques have a wide range of applications but also suffer from a number of limitations mainly related to poor specificity of intervention and variable effect size. These limitations motivated recent efforts to focus on the temporal dimension of NTBS with respect to the ongoing brain activity. Temporal patterns of ongoing neuronal activity, in particular brain oscillations and their fluctuations, can be traced with electro- or magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG), to guide the timing as well as the stimulation settings of NTBS. These novel, online and offline EEG/MEG-guided NTBS-approaches are tailored to specifically interact with the underlying brain activity. Online EEG/MEG has been used to guide the timing of NTBS (i.e., when to stimulate): by taking into account instantaneous phase or power of oscillatory brain activity, NTBS can be aligned to fluctuations in excitability states. Moreover, offline EEG/MEG recordings prior to interventions can inform researchers and clinicians how to stimulate: by frequency-tuning NTBS to the oscillation of interest, intrinsic brain oscillations can be up- or down-regulated. In this paper, we provide an overview of existing approaches and ideas of EEG/MEG-guided interventions, and their promises and caveats. We point out potential future lines of research to address challenges.

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Section: Future Perspective: Optimization Of the Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guiding transcranial brain stimulation by EEG/MEG to interact with ongoing brain activity and associated functions: A position paper

Thut

Bergmann

Fröhlich

et al. 2017

Clinical Neurophysiology

229

198

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“…The system we used for this purpose was based on the 'neuronal response clamp' developed by Marom and colleagues [76][77][78][79]. This system was composed of a 'bare-bones' personal computer running a real time application ( Figure 1a (Figure 4a).…”

Section: Rational and Experimental Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation to prolonged neuromodulation in cortical cultures: an invariable return to network synchrony

2014

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Background: Prolonged neuromodulatory regimes, such as those critically involved in promoting arousal and suppressing sleep-associated synchronous activity patterns, might be expected to trigger adaptation processes and, consequently, a decline in neuromodulator-driven effects. This possibility, however, has rarely been addressed. Results: Using networks of cultured cortical neurons, acetylcholine microinjections and a novel closed-loop 'synchrony-clamp' system, we found that acetylcholine pulses strongly suppressed network synchrony. Over the course of many hours, however, synchrony invariably reemerged, even when feedback was used to compensate for declining cholinergic efficacy. Network synchrony also reemerged following its initial suppression by noradrenaline, but this did not occlude the suppression of synchrony or its gradual reemergence following subsequent cholinergic input. Importantly, cholinergic efficacy could be restored and preserved over extended time scales by periodically withdrawing cholinergic input. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the capacity of neuromodulators to suppress network synchrony is constrained by slow-acting, reactive processes. A multiplicity of neuromodulators and ultimately neuromodulator withdrawal periods might thus be necessary to cope with an inevitable reemergence of network synchrony.

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“…Each channel was sampled at a frequency of 16 k samples/s. Data processing and closed-loop stimulation were performed using a Simulink (The Mathworks, Natick, MA)-based xPC target application (see Zrenner et al 2010 for details).…”

Section: Measurements and Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between network synchrony and the dynamics of neuronal threshold

Wallach

Marom

2012

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Wallach A, Marom S. Interactions between network synchrony and the dynamics of neuronal threshold. J Neurophysiol 107: 2926 -2936, 2012. First published March 7, 2012 doi:10.1152/jn.00876.2011.-Synchronous activity impacts on a range of functional brain capacities in health and disease. To address the interrelations between cellular level activity and network-wide synchronous events, we implemented in vitro a recently introduced technique, the response clamp, which enables online monitoring of single neuron threshold dynamics while ongoing network synchronous activity continues uninterrupted. We show that the occurrence of a synchronous network event causes a significant biphasic change in the single neuron threshold. These threshold dynamics are correlated across the neurons constituting the network and are entailed by the input to the neurons rather than by their own spiking (i.e., output) activity. The magnitude of network activity during a synchronous event is correlated with the threshold state of individual neurons at the event's onset. Recovery from the impact of a given synchronous event on the neuronal threshold lasts several seconds and seems to be a key determinant of the time to the next spontaneously occurring synchronous event. Moreover, the neuronal threshold is shown to be correlated with the excitability dynamics of the entire network. We conclude that the relations between the two levels (network activity and the single neuron threshold) should be thought of in terms that emphasize their interactive nature. neuron; response clamp; burst SYNCHRONY IS A MOST BASIC mode of activity in the cortex, believed to be critical for a range of functional brain capacities (Singer 1999). In most cases, regardless of the complex topology of connectivity (e.g., Eytan and Marom 2006;Bonifazi et al. 2009), the cortical synchronous event is considered a collective population phenomenon, emerging from interactions among the elements comprising the network (e.g., Abeles 1991; Beggs and Plenz 2003;Eckmann et al. 2010), rather than being driven by a uniquely identified class of pacing neurons. To address the generation of network-wide synchronous events, as well as the factors constraining the frequency of their occurrence, simultaneous monitoring of relevant state variables at both the network and cellular levels is wanted.While an ultimate design aiming at such multilevel monitoring would involve measurement and stimulation in the intact brain, obvious issues of experimental stability and control make the choice of large-scale networks of cortical neurons developing in vitro an attractive alternative in this context (Marom and Shahaf 2002). These networks are readily accessible to well-controlled long-term experiments and exhibit the dynamics of synchrony that is comparable in some key features to synchrony observed in vivo Ham et al. 2008;Jimbo et al. 1993;Maeda et al. 1995;Stegenga et al. 2008;Van Pelt et al. 2004;Wagenaar et al. 2006).Previous experiments that attempted simultaneous monitoring of both single ne...

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A Generic Framework for Real-Time Multi-Channel Neuronal Signal Analysis, Telemetry Control, and Sub-Millisecond Latency Feedback Generation

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Guiding transcranial brain stimulation by EEG/MEG to interact with ongoing brain activity and associated functions: A position paper

Guiding transcranial brain stimulation by EEG/MEG to interact with ongoing brain activity and associated functions: A position paper

Adaptation to prolonged neuromodulation in cortical cultures: an invariable return to network synchrony

Interactions between network synchrony and the dynamics of neuronal threshold

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