A generalized solution—diffusion model of the pervaporation process through composite membranes Part II. Concentration polarization, coupled diffusion and the influence of the porous support layer

Modeling of liquid/liquid separation by pervaporation: Toluene from water

“…The Maxwell᎐ Stefan equations will not be discussed in this work; this dis-Ž . cussion can be found in Heintz andStephan 1994 andWes-Ž . selingh andKrishna 1990 . …”

Comparison of pervaporation models with simulation of hybrid separation processes

“…Among the numerous and diverse pervaporation models described in the literature, the most popular ones are the pore-flow [23][24][25], the resistancein-series [26,27], Maxwell-Stefan theory-based [28], and the most widely used solution-diffusion model [29][30][31][32][33][34]. According to the latter, the mechanism of pervaporation is defined by the following steps:…”

Effect of molecular association on solubility, diffusion, and permeability in polymeric membranes

“…Recent research indicates that association of polymer solutions has an obvious effect not only on solution phase equilibria, but also the extent of association changes with solvent concentration and temperature. 19,20 Heintz and Stephan 21,22 used the UNIQUAC model to predict organic aqueous solubility in a poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane, in which an empirical constant was introduced to account for the hydrogen-bonding effect, by adding a parameter to the canonical formalism. Although this model considered the effect of hydrogen bonding on solubility prediction, it still provided no clear physical picture of association.…”